1. AFTER HASTINGS...

2. INCOMPLETE CONTROL: NORMAN ENGLAND AT THE END OF 1066
CASTLES
WILLIAM’S ROUTE
AREA OF NORMAN CONTROL
ANGLO-SAXON RESISTANCE
WILLIAM CROWNED IN WESTMINSTER 25 DEC
DOVER SUBMITS 29 OCT
HASTINGS 14 OCT
SURVIVING ENGLISH
NOBILITY SURRENDER
BERKHAMSTEAD 30 NOV

3. 1069: REBELLION!

4. 1069: REBELLION!

5. What next?

6. TERROR

7. FORTIFICATION

8. 1086: LOTS MORE CASTLES!

9. THE LONDON SYSTEM

10. THE NORTHERN MARCHES

11. THE WESTERN MARCHES

12. THE ‘STRING OF PEARLS’

13. THE DOMESDAY BOOK

14. A NEW ORDER: THE FEUDAL SYSTEM
THE KING OWNS ALL THE LAND...
BUT HE CAN’T RULE IT ALL IN PERSON
(HE ALSO RULES NORMANDY AND BRITTANY)...
SO HOW AM I TO RULE ENGLAND?

15. THE KING KEEPS ABOUT 20% OF THE LAND HIMSELF AND GIVES THE REST TO
TENANTS IN CHIEF (60%) : WHO PROMISE TO
RAISE SOLDIERS FOR THE KING
WHEN HE NEEDS THEM
THE CHURCH (20%): WHO PRAY FOR THE KING AND PROVIDE HIM WITH ADMINISTRATORS

16. BUT THE TENANTS IN CHIEF AND THE CHURCH CAN’T USE ALL THE LAND THEY HAVE, SO THEY KEEP 20% AND GIVE THE REST TO THE KNIGHTS IN RETURN FOR SOLDIERS...

17. AND EVERYONE NEEDS PEASANTS TO WORK THE LAND. THEY COME IN THREE KINDS...
FREEMAN – THEY FARM THE LAND AND PROVIDE FREE LABOUR BUT ARE FREE TO MOVE AROUND THE COUNTRY IF THEY DON’T LIKE WORKING FOR A PARTICUALR LORD.
VILLEIN BONDSMEN – THEY BELONG TO THE LAND AND CANNOT MOVE WITHOUT THEIR LORD’S PERMISSION. THEY FARM FOR THEIR LORD AND IN RETURN HE GIVES THEM SOME LAND TO FARM THEMSELVES.
COTTAR BONDSMEN – THEY BELONG TO THE LAND TOO BUT HAVE NO LAND OF THEIR OWN, THEY WORK FOR FOOD AND WAGES FOR LORDS AND THE RICHER FREEMEN.

18. PUT IT ALL TOGETHER AND YOU GET THIS...

19. THE FEUDAL SYSTEM Bound together by oaths known as FEALTY THE KING:
Owns all the
land, keeps 20%
and gives the rest to:
Bound together by oaths known as FEALTY
TENANTS-IN-CHIEF
(APPROX. 60)
Hold 60% of the land in return
for soldiers, keeps 20% of this
and gives the rest to:
CHURCH
Hold 20% of
the land in
return for prayer
and administration
KNIGHTS(APPROX. 4,000)
Hold about 50% of all the land in return
for military service. They keep
about 20% and allow the rest
to be farmed by:
BONDSMEN
(APPROX. 2,000,000)
Work the lords’ lands in
return for some of
their own. They belong
to the land and cannot
leave it.
FREEMEN
(APPROX.
200,000)
Manage land,
provide soldiers,
run trade.