1. Cranial Nerves Anatomy and Function
Lab 10
Cranial Nerves
Anatomy and Function

2. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves attached to the brain stem
Cranial end
They each have a name and a number
Numbered from Roman numeral I to Roman numeral XII
Cranial to caudal sequence
Caudal end

3. Cranial nerves exit the cranium to innervate structures in the head and neck (and thorax and abdomen in the case of CN IX and CN X)

4. The cranial nerves and their passageways

5. Cranial nerves can be sensory, or motor, or both
Sensory (afferent): information is transmitted to the brain from sensory receptors in the head
Motor (efferent): information is going to muscles or glands in the head and neck from the brain

6. Figure 13.6 Location and function of cranial nerves.
Filaments of
olfactory nerve (I)
Frontal lobe
Olfactory bulb
Olfactory tract
Optic nerve (II)
Temporal lobe
Optic chiasma
Optic tract
Oculomotor
nerve (III)
Infundibulum
Facial nerve (VII)
Trochlear
nerve (IV)
Trigeminal
nerve (V)
Vestibulocochlear
nerve (VIII)
Abducens
nerve (VI)
Glossopharyngeal
nerve (IX)
Vagus nerve (X)
Cerebellum
Accessory nerve (XI)
Medulla oblongata
Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Cranial nerves
I – VI
Sensory
function
Motor
function
PS*
fibers
Cranial nerves
VII – XII
Sensory
function
Motor
function
PS*
fibers I II
III IV V VI
Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Yes (smell)
Yes (vision) No
Yes (general
sensation) No
Yes No
Yes
VII
VIII IX X XI
XII
Facial
Vestibulocochlear
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglossal
Yes (taste)
Yes (hearing
and balance) No
Yes
Some
Yes No
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*PS = parasympathetic

7. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (1 of 14)
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8. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (2 of 14)
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9. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (3 of 14)
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10. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (4 of 14)
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11. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (5 of 14)
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12. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (6 of 14)
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13. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (7 of 14)
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14. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (8 of 14)
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15. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (9 of 14)
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16. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (10 of 14)
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17. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (11 of 14)
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18. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (12 of 14)
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19. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (13 of 14)
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20. Table 13.2 Cranial Nerves (14 of 14)
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21. Cranial nerves on the sheep brain