1. Lecture on Submarine Systems Design and Installation

2. Global Network Map AC-1 & AC-2 PEC EAC GAL NAC PC-1 MAC PAC SAC

3. History
Global Marine Systems - Formerly Cable & Wireless Global Marine
Origins of Global Marine trace back over 150 years
Cable & Wireless Global Marine bought by Global Crossing Limited
World’s largest subsea cable installation and maintenance contractor

5. History 1850 : First submarine telegraph cable laid (Dover - Calais)
1866 : First successful Trans-Atlantic telegraph submarine cable laid
1956 : First Trans-Atlantic analogue telephone cable laid
1962 : First Trans-Pacific analogue telephone cable laid
1988 : First Trans-Atlantic fibre optic cable laid

6. World Cables

7. World Cables

8. Desk Study Land site selection Fishing activity
Oil exploration & production
Sea bed conditions
Environmental factors
Permits & permissions
Existing cables & pipelines
If a survey is the foundation of a successful system, the the desk study is the cornerstone of that foundation. If the desk study is done properly then the survey will only be a confirmation of the information.
GO THROUGH LIST ABOVE
RESULTS
Route Selection
Cable Types
Protection Level
Burial Requirement

9. Multi-Beam Survey

10. Sub-Sea Make Up

12. Route Planning A nice picture to show what we are trying to achieve

13. Cable Installation

14. Illustrates the last slide
on this scale its 400m - image 4000
& on the subject of trying to imagine 4000m

15. Seabed Slack Variables
Explain the slide
IMAGINE I’M STANDING THE TOUCHDOWN POINT AND THE SHIP TRYING TO CONTROL THE SLACK HERE IS 4KMS UP AND 20 KMS ALONG
Seabed Slack Variables

17. Faults by Water Depth

18. Cable System Maintenance
Fishing Damage

19. Cross Section of Cable Types
Cable Station / Field Operation Organization
Cross Section of Cable Types

20. Somebody once likened trying to install a submarine cable to….
Branching Unit

21. Grapnel
The grapnel is a reminder that although the technology both within the cable and at either or its ends has been transformed completely in the last decade, The principal method of repairing the submarine portion is still the same as when we first did this over 150 years ago!
Pulling a grapnel along the seabed to recover the cable for repair! Low tech –but effective

22. Generic repair in 4000 metres of water Not enough slack - need to cut
Visualise - 3D again
Generic repair in 4000 metres of water
Not enough slack - need to cut
drive slowly across the line of the cable
allowing time for things to settle

23. Cable hooked - picking up

24. Cable cut off the bottom

25. Recovering graps - going round again

26. 1st holding drive with new grap depth of water from the cut

27. Cable hooked - picking up

28. Ground rope and anchors
1st end buoyed off
Ground rope and anchors
Second holding drive has been done

30. NEXT SLIDE IS SLOW WHAT ABOUT THE PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE

31. NEXT SLIDE IS SLOW WHAT ABOUT THE PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE

33. Summary Slide
“Submarine Systems Design, Installation and Operations” are interdependent and the long term profitability of the system is the direct result of the initial planning and the quality of installation.