1. Introduction to XML History Concepts Well-formed XML
history of markup languages
metamorphosis of HTML into XML
Concepts
documents = elements, attributes + content
Well-formed XML
fundamental syntax of XML

2. The Path to XML Development markup languages
text processing and document formatting
GML, troff, TeX
abstract document / data notations
SGML
specific document architecture
TEI
DocBook
HTML

3. HTML HTML was originally not an SGML application
borrowed the syntax < </ > &;
ignored the grammar
most HTML written by hand
syntax errors accommodated
HTML slowly evolved a particular presentation semantics

4. HTML: The Beginning
HTML began as a language for encoding simple document semantics
<H1>Things to See in London</H1>
<p>The <I>Millenium Dome</I> is great.

5. HTML: Effects through Bloating
It became more bloated to allow more design precision and visual effects.
<H1>Things to See in London</H1>
<p><center>The <I>Millenium Dome</I> is <blink>great </blink></center>.

6. HTML: Simplicity through Style
Until precise style specifications were added.
Large font,
bold, red
<H1>Things to See in London</H1>
<p>The <I>Millenium Dome</I> is great.
Any font denoting
emphasis
Normal font,
indent 1cm,
centered

7. HTML: Style is All But then the names of the tags became irrelevant.
Large font,
bold, red
<H1>Things to See in London</H1>
<p>The <I>Millenium Dome</I> is great.
Any font denoting
emphasis
Normal font,
indent 1cm,
centered

8. HTML: Or are Data and Style Equal?
So invent your own for your own applications.
Large font,
bold, red
<day>Things to See in London</day>
<see>The <place>Millenium Dome</place> is great.</see>
Any font denoting
emphasis
Normal font,
indent 1cm,
centered

9. HTML: Or is Data All? And forget the display semantics.
Information is for using, not looking at!
<day>Things to See in London</day>
<see>The <place>Millenium Dome</place> is great.</see>
The result of this transformation is XML