1. Overview of
Earth Simulator

2. Outline History & Development Hardware Architecture Performance
Processor Node
Interconnection Network
Performance
Application
Summary

3. History & Development Customers Manufacturer:
3 Japanese agencies: NASDA, JAERI, JAMSTEC
Manufacturer:
NEC
Milestone of Development:
Conceptual Design: 1997
Detail Design: 1999
Manufacture & Installation:
Operation: March now

4. History & Development

5. Hardware Architecture
Overview Architecture
Model: NEC SX6 Architecture
Distributed Memory System: 640 PNs
Interconnection Network: Single state crossbar
700 Terabytes of disk storage

6. Overview Architecture

7. Arithmetic Processor 8Layers copper interconnection 20.79mm x 20.79mm
60 million transistors
Clock Cycle: 500MHz(1GHz)

8. Processor Node 8 Arithmetic Processors 16Gb Shared Memory
Divide into 32 units
Remote Access Control Unit
I/O processor

9. Processor Node

10. Interconnection Network
RCU is directly connected to Switches and Control Units
128 Switches and 2 Control Units
Number of Cable = 640x130 = 83,200
Total extension of 2,400Km or 1,900 miles

11. Interconnection Network

12. Interconnection Network

13. Interconnection Network

14. Performance Theoretical (T flops/s) sustained (T flops/s) BlueGene 91
Theoretical performance: 40Tflops/s
Sustained performance ratio: 87% of its peak
Some comparisons:
Theoretical
(T flops/s)
sustained (T flops/s)
BlueGene 91 70
Columbia 60 51
Earth Simulator 40 35

15. Application Forecast: Medical: Other: Weather forecast
Predict natural disaster
Medical:
Speed discover of new drugs
Plot the course of a pandemic
Other:
Simulation of nuclear power plant
Research on ecological engine, nano technology.

16. Summary Distributed memory parallel computer 640 Processors nodes
Memory: 16Gb each node
Interconnection network: single state crossbar
Performance: 35T flops/s

17. References The Earth Simulator: Top 500 http://www.es.jamstec.go.jp

18. Question