1. Globus —— Toolkits for Grid Computing
CS5204: Operating System
Donghang GUO
Computer Science Department, Virginia Tech

2. Grid & Globus Introduction to Grid Computing Globus What is a Grid?
What we need to build up a Grid?
Globus
Why Globus is good?
How to use Globus to build up a Grid?

3. What is a Grid? A: a cluster B: a mainframe C: a cluster
D: a smaller cluster
E: a PC

4. What is a Grid? (cont’d) Definition
“Grid is coordinated resource sharing and problem solving in dynamic, multi-institutional virtual organizations.” – [2] A B C D E

5. What is a Grid? (cont’d) Grid is a middleware based DS
Transparency: High
Same OS (Platform): No
Communication: Model-Specific
Resource Management: Mix
Scalability: High
Openness: Open

6. Features of Grid Resource Sharing Multiple ResourcesB C D E
Resource Sharing
WWW: Information sharing
Multiple Resources
SSP: only storage resource
ASP: only application resource
Cross-organization
CORBA, Java Bean: in one organization
SSP: Storage Service Provider
ASP: Application Service Provider

7. Features of Grid (cont’d)B C D E
Controlled sharing
P2P computing: no access control
Dynamic
Cluster, Supercomputer: Static

8. What we need to build up a Grid?
Fabric
Resource
Collective
Applications
Connectivity
Core parts in Grid
The layered Grid Architecture

9. What we need to build up a Grid?
Fabric Layer
Computers, Storage systems, networks ...
Connectivity Layer
Secured communication, authentication, authorization …
Resource Layer
Access to computation
Access to data
Access to information on resource configuration, state and performance
Fabric
Resource
Collective
Applications
Connectivity

10. What we need to build up a Grid?
Collective Layer
Resource Discovery
Resource Brokering (scheduling)
System Monitoring
Fabric
Resource
Collective
Applications
Connectivity

11. Grid Middleware
Grid Middleware provides functionalities to build up a grid computing environment.
Globus
A service-based toolkit following OGSI (Open Grid Services Infrastructure) standard
Legion
A object-based toolkit
SRB
Storage resource broker
Condor
A local resource and job management system

12. Globus Toolkits History Grid Power Grid Origin
I-WAY Project, 1994, Argonne National Laboratory and University of Illinois at Chicago.
Metacomputer  Grid? Power Grid
Grid
Power Grid
Resource Sharing
Computational, Storage …
Power
Controlled sharing
Yes
Cross-organization
Dynamic
Many other features …

13. Globus Toolkits Motivation
Availability:
Computing Resource: Ready
Data Resource: Ready
Network Resource: Ready
Requirement:
Cost-effective high performance computing in scientific and commercial societies
We need a new system that deal with heterogeneous and dynamic natures to build up a new computing environment

14. Globus Toolkits Features: It is Open Open Source Service-Based
Protocol-Based
Globus is a de facto stand in Grid Computing

15. Globus Toolkits Components Information Service
Meta-Directory Service (MDS)
Resource Management Service
Grid Resource Allocation and Management (GRAM)
Community Scheduler Framework (CFS)
Security Service
Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI)
Data Management Service
GridFTP
Replica Location Service (RLS)

16. MDS —— Information Model
Client 1
Resource A
LDAP Organization
Server
MDS-1
Client 2
Resource B
Client 3
Client 1
Client 3
Client 2
GIIS
Resource A
Resource B
GRIS
Information Directly
from Resource
Collective Information
MDS-2

17. MDS-2 —— Implementation
Client 1
Client 3
Client 2
GIIS
Resource A
Resource B
GRIS
Information Directly
from Resource
Collective Information
Service
GRIS Grid Resource Information Service
GIIS Grid Index Information Service
Protocol
GRRP Grid Resource Registration Protocol
GRIP Grid information Protocol
Both GRRP and GRIP are extended from LDAP (Light Weight Directory Access Protocol)

18. Resource Discovery: GRIP
MDS-2
Resource A
Client 1
GRIS
Resource B
Client 2
Resource Lookup: GRIP
GRIS
Client 3
Registration: GRRP
Resource Discovery: GRIP
GIIS

19. MDS-2 Output of GRIS service Configuration of Resource…
Mds-Cpu-Free-15min: 200
Mds-Cpu-Free-1min: 200
Mds-Cpu-Free-5min: 200
Mds-Cpu-model: Pentium III (Coppermine)
Mds-Cpu-Smp-size: 2
Mds-Cpu-speedMHz: 997
Mds-Cpu-Total-count: 2
Mds-Cpu-Total-Free-15min: 200
Mds-Cpu-Total-Free-1min: 200
Mds-Cpu-Total-Free-5min: 200
Mds-Cpu-vendor: GenuineIntel
Mds-Cpu-version: 6.8.6
Output of GRIS service
Configuration of Resource
Code in LDAP Protocol

20. Conclusion Strength Service-Based Open architecture Scalable
Extensibility
Interoperability
Portability
Scalable
Flexible, secure and coordinated resource sharing
Dynamic

21. Conclusion
Weakness
Not suitable for communication-intensive applications
No good overall performance optimization mechanism

22. Questions?

23. Reference
1. Globus: A Metacomputing Infrastructure Toolkit. I. Foster, C. Kesselman. Intl J. Supercomputer Applications, 11(2): , 1997
2. The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations. I. Foster, C. Kesselman, S. Tuecke. International J. Supercomputer Applications, 15(3), 2001.