1. Acids and bases

2. What is an acid?
An acid is any compound that increases the number of hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water
Solution tastes sour
Can change the color of certain compounds

3. Properties of acids
Many acids are corrosive (destroy body tissue and clothing)
Many are also poisonous
Solutions of acids conduct an electric current
Turns blue litmus paper red-associated with the color RED

4. Uses of acids
Sulfuric acid – industrial chemical used in the production of
Metals
Paper
Paint
Detergents
Fertilizers
Car batteries
Nitric acid
Rubber
Plastics

5. Uses of acids Hydrochloric acid Metals
Keep swimming pools free of algae
Stomach acid – aids in digestion
Citric acid/ascorbic acid
Orange juice
Carbonic acid/phosphoric acid
“bite” to soft drinks

6. What is a base?
A base is any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions (OH- ) when dissolved in water
Solution tastes bitter, feels slippery
Can change the color of certain compounds

7. Properties of bases Many bases are corrosive
Solutions of bases can conduct an electric current
Changes the color of litmus paper blue- Associated with the color BLUE

8. Uses of bases Sodium hydroxide used in Soap Paper Oven cleaners
Products to unclog drains
Calcium hydroxide
Cement
Mortar
Plaster

9. Uses of bases Ammonia Household cleaners Production of fertilizers
Magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide
Antacids to treat heartburn

10. Acids and bases neutralize one another
Acids and bases neutralize one another because of the H+ of the acid and the OH- of the base react to form water, H2O.
If the water is evaporated, these ions join to form a compound called a salt.

11. Indicators such as litmus paper, and red cabbage juice, can identify whether a solution contains an acid or base
The pH of a solution is a measure of the hydronium ion concentration in the solution
A pH of 7 is neutral, meaning neither acidic or basic
Basic solutions have a pH greater than 7
Acidic solutions have a pH less than 7
pH scale

12. pH Scale