1. The Roman World Takes Shape
Ch. 5-1
The Roman World Takes Shape

2. Roman Civilization Arises in Italy
Rome is near the center of Italy
Location was good for expansion
Rome was protected

3. Unifying the Lands of Italy
Italy was easier to unify then was Greece
Mountains are not as big
There are not as many valleys
Fertile land to the north and west, promoted population growth

4. Early Peoples Settle Italy
800 B.C. Latins migrated to Italy
Settled near Tiber River
Lived as herders and farmers
Legend says it was found by Romulus and Remus
Others around:
Greek Colonist
Etruscans
Carthaginians

5. The Romans Establish a Republic
Romans drove out Etruscan rulers 509 B.C.
Founding of the Roman state which lasted 500 years
People chose some officials
Romans believed that a republic would keep one person from getting too much power

6. Structuring the Republic
Senate made the laws
300 patricians, or land-holding upper class
Senators nominated two consuls
Supervise business and command army
Limited time and two of them = checks and balance
During War
Elect a dictator
Ruled for 6 months
Like Cincinnatus did = like George Washington

7. Plebeians Fight for Their Rights
Plebeians = farmers, merchants, and artisans had rights but little influence
Eventually gained the right to elect tribunes
Tribunes were to protect plebeians interest
Could veto bad laws
450 B.C. go the right to appeal a patrician judges decision

8. Romans Leave a Lasting Legacy
Common people gained access to power without actually going to war
2,000 years later, many parts were adopted to the U.S. Constitution
Senate, the veto, and checks on political power

9. Characterizing Roman Society
Family was important
Male was the head of the household
Women again followed the men

10. The Role of Women Changes Over Time
Roman women played a larger role then did Greek Women
Could own property, could run businesses, but most women worked at home
Patrician women
Went out for diner, went to public baths, and attended the theatre

11. Romans Educate Most Children
Girls and Boys for the upper and lower classes learned to read and write
Some hired private tutors, often Greeks

12. Roman Mythology and Religion
Believed in many gods and goddesses
Greeks = Zeus - Romans = Jupiter
Greek = Hera - Romans = Juno
Greek = Poseidon - Romans = Neptune

13. Citizen-Soldiers Make Up the Roman Army
Basic unit was a legion = 5,000 men
First, fought for no pay
Eventually got a stipend
Show courage = gifts
Run away = death

14. Roman Is Just With Conquered Lands
Conquered had to pay taxes, supply soldiers, and acknowledge Roman leadership
Some given full citizenship
Others partial
Allowed to keep customs, money and local government

15. Maintaining the State Built roads Posted soldiers throughout the land
Many brought Latin into their languages
Adopted many Roman customs and beliefs
Italy began to unite under Roman rule