2. Biology: the study of life

3. Study the diversity of life
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
What do biologists do?
Study the diversity of life
Research diseases
Develop technologies
Improve agriculture
Preserve the environment

4. The Eight Characteristics of Life Made of one or more cells
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
The Eight Characteristics of Life
Made of one or more cells
Displays organization
Grows and develops
Reproduces

5. The Eight Characteristics of Life Responds to stimuli Requires energy
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
The Eight Characteristics of Life
Responds to stimuli
Requires energy
Maintains homeostasis
Adaptations evolve over time

6. The 8 Characteristics of Life

7. 1. Made of one or more cells.
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
1. Made of one or more cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things.

8. 2. Displays Organization
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
2. Displays Organization
Living things also display organization, which means they are arranged in an orderly way.
What does this mean?

9. Organization

11. Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
3. Grows and Develops
Growth results in the addition of mass to many organisms and the formation of new cells and new structures.

12. Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
4. Reproduces
A species is a group of organisms that can breed with one another and produce fertile offspring.

13. Is a liger a species?

14. Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
5. Responds to Stimuli
Stimulus: anything that is part of the internal or external environments and causes some sort of reaction
Venus flytrap

15. Do animals respond to stimuli?
Do plants respond to stimuli?

16. Living things get their energy from food.
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
6. Requires Energy
Living things get their energy from food.
Most plants and some unicellular organisms use light energy from the sun to make their own food and fuel their activities.

18. Organisms that cannot make their own food get energy by consuming other organisms.

19. 7. Maintains Homeostasis
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
7. Maintains Homeostasis
Homeostasis: regulation of an organism’s internal conditions to maintain a healthy state

20. If anything happens within or to an organism that affects its normal state, processes to restore the normal state begin.
Ex. When your body temp. is too high, what happens?

22. 8. Adaptations Evolve Over Time
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.1 Introduction to Biology
8. Adaptations Evolve Over Time
An adaptation is any inherited characteristic that results from changes to a species over time.

23. 1.3 The Scientific Method

24. Steps of the Scientific Method
1. State the Problem (and form a question)
2. Research the Problem
3. Form a Hypothesis (statement)
4. Create and Perform Experiments
5. Analyze Data (observe, record, organize, analyze)
6. State a Conclusion

25. 1. State the Problem Scientific inquiry begins with observation.
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
1. State the Problem
Scientific inquiry begins with observation.
May be in the form of a question.
Ex.

26. 2. Research the Topic and Gather Info.
Internet
Experts
Books and Journals

27. 3. Form a Hypothesis Hypothesis: a testable explanation of a situation
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
3. Form a Hypothesis
Hypothesis: a testable explanation of a situation
Always in the form of a statement
Ex. If I shine sunlight on grass seeds, they will germinate.

28. Law: a hypothesis that has been repeatedly tested and not contradicted

29. 4. Create and Perform Experiments
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
4. Create and Perform Experiments
Must be completed in a controlled environment
What does that mean?

30. Controlled Experiments
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
Controlled Experiments
A control group in an experiment is a group used for comparison.
The experimental group is the group exposed to the factor being tested.

31. Variable: the single factor that is being changed

32. Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
Experimental Design
Independent variable —the factor in an experiment that is changed by the scientist

33. Dependent variable —results from or depends on changes to the independent variable.

35. 5. Observe, Record, and Analyze Data
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
5. Observe, Record, and Analyze Data
Data —information gained from observations.
Quantitative data can be measurements of time, temperature, length, mass, area, volume, density, or other factors.
Qualitative data are descriptions of what our senses detect.

36. A graph of the data makes the pattern easier to grasp.
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
Analyze the Data
A graph of the data makes the pattern easier to grasp.

37. State if your findings support or contradict your hypothesis
Chapter 1
The Study of Life
1.3 Methods of Science
6. Make a Conclusion
State if your findings support or contradict your hypothesis