1. Chapter Twenty-Two Community Diagnosis (2016) Berthold, T., Editor
Foundations For
Community Health Workers
(2nd Edition)
(2016)
Berthold, T., Editor
San Francisco, C.A.: Jossey-Bass
Chapter Twenty-Two
Community Diagnosis

2. Reflection of Last Session
What did you learn?
Group dynamics
Benefits of group work
Common challenges of group facilitation
Have students review what they learned from the last session on these key topics.

3. What You Will Learn
Define community diagnosis and discuss key concepts and methods related to community diagnosis
Explain how community diagnosis is used to guide public health programs and efforts to advocate for social change
Describe and apply seven key steps in a community diagnosis process
Participate in the design and execution of a community-centered and strength-based community diagnosis

4. What You Will Learn Discuss the role of the CHW in community diagnosis
Identify and develop effective research tools for gathering information for the diagnosis
Summarize and analyze research findings
Explain how research findings are used to develop an action plan

5. Words to Know Assessment of Community Strengths and Assets
Needs Assessment
Qualitative Data
Quantitative Data
Content Analysis
Root Causes
Institutional Review Boards
Sample
Leading Questions

6. Community Diagnosis Identifying Community Concerns
Uncovering Root Causes
Developing Clear Plan to Resolve

7. Community Diagnosis
The art and the process that identifies community concerns or problems, uncovers the root causes, and develops a clear plan to overcome them.
Community-Driven and Participatory
Strength-Based
Focuses on Root Causes

8. Key Concepts Educates and raises consciousness of all participants
Values the community’s knowledge and experience
Prioritizes culture and cultural humility in design, implementation, and analysis
Values collaboration and participation during all phases
Seeks political action and/or social change to improve community health and reduce health inequality

9. Role of the CHW during Community Diagnosis
Facilitate and support community engagement
Empower diverse community leadership
Connect community to key resources
Use client-centered/community-centered skills
It is not the CHW’s role to make key decisions about the diagnosis

10. Seven Steps to Conduct a Community Diagnosis
Identify and bring the community together
Choose a focus
Select research tools
Conduct research
Summarize research findings
Analyze research findings
Develop an action plan

11. Step 1 – Identify and Bring the Community Together
Identify the group - nationality, language, risk factors, and interests are ways to bring a community to together
Promote and advertise meetings to ensure that the entire community learns what is going on
Use local media, schools, faith-based organizations, service organizations, businesses, and unions to get the word out!

12. Step 2 – Choosing a Focus
Community members select a specific area of concern and a list of questions they want to answer about the issue. Focus should meet the following criteria:
Meaningful – will make a difference
Reach – will impact many people
High Need – within the community related to the issue
Public support – will be easy to get support in the community
Political will – there is a will within the community to address issue
Practical – expertise, time, and resources are available
Clear target – there is a clearly-defined policy-making body (i.e. county board, state legislature) that can influence the identified issue

13. Step 3 – Select Research Tools
Research tools gather information or data about a selected problem. There are two types of data:
Quantitative data
Qualitative data
Quantitative data – Data that can be counted/measured numerically.
Examples: Surveys and public health data records
Qualitative data – Descriptive, in-depth understanding of how people experience a problem.
Examples: Interviews and focus groups

14. Step 4 – Conduct Research
Review Table 22.1 on page 642
Tools to conduct research: library, internet, community forums, and surveys.
Descriptions:
library – visit a local library and work with librarian to research problem.
internet – use search engines like Google to get data or to network.
community forums – organize community meetings to get community input.
surveys – conduct individual or group surveys to find out people’s opinions on problem.

15. Step 5 – Summarize Research Findings
Edit research findings so that everyone can understand the results.
Make sure participants aren’t left out because they’re not comfortable talking about statistics.
Highlight important findings related to the problem.

16. Step 6 – Analyze Research Findings
Present information and research findings to the community for them to analyze and interpret.
As the community is reviewing information and findings, ask questions such as:
What are the solutions to the problem?
Who in the community is affected by the problem?
What does the community think are the causes and consequences of the problem?

17. Step 7 – Develop an Action Plan
Based on research findings analysis, community members develop an action plan.
Action plan addresses identified problems and creates change.
Action plan allows all community members to participate.
Example: collecting petition signatures for a community playground.

18. Practice
Identify a problem that is affecting your community and research tools you would use to investigate
Complete HW & DB in Blackboard
Read Chapter 23

19. Resources: Image on slide 2
digital-drugs-binaural-beats by digitalbob8 is licensed under CC BY 2.0
Image on slide 3
Bring Light Bulb is available in the public domain under CC0 Public Domain
Image on slide 6
Wikimania 2012 Group Photograph-0001a by helpameout is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0
White male is available in the public domain under CC0 Public Domain
Image on slide 10
Integration is available in the public domain under CC0 Public Domain
Image on slide 15
Magnifying glass is available in the public domain under CC0 Public Domain
Image on slide 16
Playground is available in the public domain under CC0 Public Domain
Image on slide 14
Green door is available in the public domain under CC0 Public Domain

20. Acknowledgements: MoSTEMWINs
Adapted from the Foundations for Community Health Workers, 2nd Edition (Berthold) with permission from Wiley Publishing by the Institute of Workforce Innovation of the Metropolitan Community College Kansas City and the Workforce Solutions Group of St. Louis Community College.
Unless otherwise noted this material by St. Louis Community College is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This product is partially funded by the MoSTEMWINs $19.7 million grant from the U.S. Department of Labor Employment and Training Administration. The product was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability, or ownership
MoSTEMWINs