1. Which motion occurs at a rate of approximately one degree per day?
(1) the Moon revolving around Earth
(2) the Moon rotating on its axis
(3) Earth revolving around the Sun
(4) Earth rotating on its axis

2. Which object in space emits light because it releases energy produced by nuclear fusion?
(1) Earth’s Moon (3) Venus
(2) Halley’s comet (4) Polaris

3. A major piece of evidence supporting the Big Bang theory is the observation that wavelengths of light from stars in distant galaxies show a
(1) redshift, appearing to be shorter
(2) redshift, appearing to be longer
(3) blueshift, appearing to be shorter
(4) blueshift, appearing to be longer

4. Which characteristics best describe the star
Betelgeuse?
(1) reddish orange with low luminosity and
high surface temperature
(2) reddish orange with high luminosity and
low surface temperature
(3) blue white with low luminosity and low
surface temperature
(4) blue white with high luminosity and high

5. Which main sequence star has a surface temperature of about 9500K?
1) 40 Eridani B ) Barnard’s Star
2) Rigel
4) Sirius

6. The diagram represents the spectral lines from the light of an element in a laboratory on Earth.
Which diagram best represents the pattern of spectral lines from the same element when observed in the light of a distant galaxy?

7. The diagram represents a planet in orbit around a star.
If the distance between the foci is 0.8 cm and the length from A to B is 17 cm, what is the eccentricity of orbit?
E = .047
Which planet in OUR solar system is similar in eccentricity?
Uranus

8. Compared to the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets are
(1) larger and less dense
(2) smaller and more dense
(3) closer to the Sun and less rocky
(4) farther from the Sun and more rocky

9. The best evidence of Earth’s revolution is provided by the
(1) shape of the planet
(2) shape of the Milky Way galaxy
(3) apparent changes in the direction of
swing of a Foucault pendulum
(4) apparent changes in visible stars

10. (1) revolution of Earth around the Sun
The constellation Pisces changes position during a night, as shown in the diagram.
Which motion is
mainly responsible
for this change in
position?
(1) revolution of Earth around the Sun
(2) rotation of Earth on its axis
(3) revolution of Pisces around the Sun
(4) rotation of Pisces on its axis

11. Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?
(3) yellow
(2) green (4) red
(1) violet

13. (1) 150 million kilometers (2) 228 million kilometers
The diagram below shows the orbital paths of Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and a comet named Wild 2.
What is the approximate distance between the
Sun and Wild 2 when this comet is closest to the
Sun?
(1) 150 million kilometers
(2) 228 million kilometers
(3) 778 million kilometers
(4) 820 million kilometers

14. Which statement concerning the diagram is probably true?
The diagram below represents the path of the Earth’s orbit around the sun compared to the path of the orbit of a comet around the sun.
Which statement concerning the diagram is probably true?
(1) A comet has a less eccentric orbit and a shorter period of revolution than the Earth.
(2) A comet has a more eccentric orbit and a shorter period of revolution than the Earth.
(3) A comet has a less eccentric orbit and a longer period of revolution than the Earth.
(4) A comet has a more eccentric orbit and a longer period of revolution than the Earth.

15. Energy is transferred from the Sun to Earth mainly by
(1) molecular collisions
(2) density currents
(3) electromagnetic waves
(4) red shifts

16. Which process produces the energy that allows the stars of the universe to radiate visible light?
(1) convection
(2) Insolation
(3) nuclear fusion
(4) radioactive decay

17. Which star color indicates the hottest star surface temperature?
(1) blue (3) yellow
(2) white (4) red

18. What is the eccentricity of Planet D?
The diagram shows the orbit of planet D around the star Upsilon Andromedae. The first four planets of our solar system are for comparison
The distance between the Star and the Second focus of Planet D’s orbit is 3.5 cm, and the length across the Line of major axis of orbits is 11 cm.
What is the eccentricity of Planet D?
How does the orbit of Planet D compare to the orbits of the planets shown in our solar system?
When will planet D move fastest in its orbit?
e = .318
When it is closest to the star
Planet D has a more elliptical/eccentric orbit

19. Where will the planet be located?
The diagram represents a moon in revolution /orbit around a planet. f1 f2 P
Where will the planet be located?
At one of the foci.
State one fact about this moon at its current position
Gravity is weakest, orbit is slowest, distance is greatest, moon appears smallest, etc.

20. Which star color indicates an 8000K main sequence star?
(1) blue (3) yellow
(2) white (4) red

21. Which type of electromagnetic energy has the longest wavelength?
(1) infrared radiation
(2) radio wave radiation
(3) ultraviolet radiation
(4) x-ray radiation