1. The Chemistry Of Life

2. Matter Everything in the universe is made of matter
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass
Weight varies
Your weight would be a different weight on the moon
This is because the moon exerts less force than the earth

3. Matter
Chemical changes in matter are essential to all of life's processes
By learning how changes occur, we can start to understand life

4. Elements and Atoms
Elements are substances that cannot be broken into simpler kinds of matter
Elements are commonly found in the periodic table of elements
This chart organizes the over 100 elements into categories

5. Elements and Atoms
The periodic table gives every element a chemical symbol
It consists of one, two or three letters
The letters are related (normally) to the chemicals name in English or Latin

6. Elements and Atoms
The smallest or simplest particle of an element that retains all properties of that element is an atom
The compisition of an atom give elements their properties

7. Elements and Atoms
Atoms are so small there is no way for us to see them clearly
However, we can test the properties of the atom to get a better idea of how they are built

8. The Nucleus The center region of an atom is a nucleus
It makes up the bulk of the mass of an atom
Made of two parts…
The proton is positively charged
The neutron is neutrally charged

9. The Nucleus
The number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number
This can be found in the periodic table of elements
The atomic number directly relates to the number of protons

10. The Nucleus
The atomic mass of an atom is equal to the total number of protons and neutrons
This is also in the periodic table

15. Electrons
Electrons are negatively charged particles that are outside the nucleus
In an atom, the number of positively charged protons is balanced by electrons
This means the net charge on an atom is 0

16. Electrons Electrons are found in orbitals
An orbital is a three dimensional region around a nucleus that indicate a probable electron location
When all orbitals are looked at, it looks like a cloud of electrons

17. Electrons Orbitals correspond to different levels of energy
Certain orbitals can only hold a set number of electrons
The first orbital can only hold two electrons
The second orbital can hold eight electrons

18. Isotopes All atoms of an element have the same number of protons
They don’t all have the same number of neutrons
Elements with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes

19. Isotopes
The different numbers of neutrons change the mass of the element
This means it still basically acts like an element, but it behaves a bit differently
The average atomic mass factors in the amount of isotopes