1. STAKEHOLDERS’ CENTRIC RESEARCH IN WATER SECTOR
BY R D SINGH DIRECTOR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HYDROLOGY ROORKEE

4. STAKE HOLDERS POLICY MAKERS (CENTRAL & STATE GOVERNMENTS)
SERVICE PROVIDERS (WATER RESOURCES, PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENTS, JAL SANSTHAAN ETC.)
PRIVATE SECTORS (INDUSTRIES)
INTERNATIONAL WATER SHARING
NGOs
END USERS (FARMERS, WATER USE ASSOCIATION ETC.)

5. R & D NEEDS… INSTRUMENTATION TO COLLECT WATER RELATED DATA FROM FIELD
DEVELOPMENT & STRENGTHENING OF LABORATERIES
DATA PROCESSING TOOLS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR WATER RELATED DATA
MAPPING USING REMOTE SENSING & GIS AND OTHER TOOLS
ANALYSIS OF DATA FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
DEVELOPMENT & APPLICATIONS OF TOOLS & TECHNOLOGIES
REAL TIME DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR PLANNING
CLIMATE CHANGE & ADAPTATION STRATEGIES

6. REAL TIME DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
Real time systems allow decision makers to respond to short term variations in water resources where lead times for decisions vary from a few hours to a few days at most. Typical examples include: 
Flood forecasting and the dissemination of flood warnings
Allocation of water to multiple users on a day to day basis
The day to day operation of hydro-power schemes
Reservoir management
 Real time systems require the following components: 
Monitoring stations with real-time capability (out-stations)
A real-time data acquisition system (telemetry)
Data management (database and quality control)
Forecasting models
A user interface

8. R&D NEEDS… Flood & Drought Management Water Resources Systems Analysis
Surface & Ground Water Availability
Hydrological Modelling
Water Quality Assessment & Modelling
Ground Water Modelling & Management
Regional Hydrology
Integrated Water Resources Management

9. R&D NEEDS… Snow and Glacier Investigations Spring Flows
Sea Water Intrusion
Studies of Lakes & Ponds
Water Conservation
Isotope Applications
Urban Flooding
Watershed Management
Forest hydrology
25/55

10. R&D NEEDS… APPLICATIONS OF ISOTOPES IN HYDROLOGY 26/55
Identification of Recharge Sources and Zones of Deeper Aquifers and Springs
Effectiveness of Artificial Recharge to Ground Water
Salinization of Groundwater in Inland / Coastal Aquifers and Seawater Ingress
Groundwater and Surface Water Interaction
Recharge to GW Due to Irrigation & Rainfall
GW Flow Velocity and Direction ( GW Dating)
Leakage and Seepage from Reservoirs & Canals
Rate of Sedimentation in Lakes & Reservoirs
Separation of Snow & Glacier melt Runoff, Groundwater & Rainfall runoff components
Interconnections of Water Bodies
National Programme on Isotope Finger Printing
18O of Clouds & Precipitation
-18‰
-12‰
-23‰
-20‰
-7‰
-2‰
-29‰ 0‰
18O of Ocean
26/55

11. R & D NEEDS… EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION
RECYCLE AND REUSE OF WASTE WATER
ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS
MAINTAINING PERRENIAL NATURE OF RIVER

12. R & D NEEDS WATER GOVERNANCE NATIONAL WATER POLCY STATE WATER POLICIES
BIS & ISO
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
CAPACITY BUILDING
CITIZEN SCIENCE CONCEPT
PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH

13. Citizen Science Concept…

14. Citizen Science Concept
Citizen science refers to the participation of the general public (i.e., non-scientists) in generation of new scientific knowledge
community-based data collection
development of technology
testing of natural phenomena
dissemination of the results of activities
early detection (by citizens) of issues of environmental concern, which can then be investigated by scientific experts

15. Some Citizen Science Experiments in India
People’s Biodiversity Register (PBR)- 1990s
Study of mammalian diversity in Malappuram region with school students (Kerala) – 2010
Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON)
National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS)
Science Popularization Association of Communicators and Educators (SPACE)
12,000 Science Clubs (VIPNET Clubs) in schools- Vigyan Prasar
Hands-on learning for students of Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas (JNV)
GPS-based monitoring of damage assessment during June 2013 flash-flood tragedy in Uttarakhand
Participatory Hydrological Monitoring (PHM) concept in APWELL project (AP)
Schools and students preparing water quality maps under Community Led Environment Action Network (CLEAN-India) of Development Alternatives

16. internet-based citizen science projects
further water science and the public understanding of hydrology
Tools for environmental data acquisition

17. Participatory Action Research (PAR)
What is PAR: AR with involvement of stakeholders & users
Intervention & Implementation
Field data collection
Water conservation
Soil erosion
Soil moisture augmentation
Stream health assessment
Impact assessment of hydrologic extremes (floods, flash floods, droughts)
Technology interventions (W/WW treatment, RWH)
Watershed structures
Development/restoration of water bodies & drainage channels
Planning and Management
Crop water use planning
Irrigation water use
Landuse planning
Scenario planning
Water accounting and demand management
Water for livelihood uses

18. Participatory Action Research (PAR)
Elements of PAR
Knowledge of local problems & context
Use of TK and local resources
Communication with stakeholders & users
In-situ conflict resolution and mitigation
Benefits of PAR
Empowerment and capacity building of stakeholders & users
Feeling of ownership
Sustainability of efforts

19. Concluding Remarks Data Base Management
Citizen participation in science is across-cutting concept that has emerged from and across many disciplines
Scientific data collection through citizen science activities has a significant potential to create new environmental knowledge
Development of Tools & Technologies
R & D for developing analysis techniques to address the water related problems
DSS for Integrated water resources planning, development and management
DSS for real time operation

20. Concluding Remarks
Water Governance- Policies, Laws, Pricing, sharing etc
Interdisciplinary research fosters collective reflection
Capacity Building at different levels for state of art knowledge & technology