1. A New Chapter in Energy Savings and Power Quality

2. Vertical Turbine Pumps Submersible Pumps Centrifugal Pumps
Typical U1000 iQpump Pumps
Vertical Turbine Pumps
Contactor Multiplexing
Submersible Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps

3. Typical U1000 iQpump Applications
Irrigation
Booster Stations
Tank Fill
Water Treatment

4. U1000 iQpump Ratings and Certifications
Power range
V, 28 – 248A: HP
V, 11 – 414A: HP
Ambient operating temperature
Open Type IP00: -10°C to 50°C (14°F to 122°F)
NEMA 1 IP20: -10°C to 40°C (14°F to 104°F)
Certifications
cULus, RoHS

5. Key Performance Indicators
Direct AC-to-AC conversion matrix drive technology is unique to YASKAWA and provides a multitude of benefits unmatched by other low harmonic solutions.

6. Conventional Drive Topology
Insulated Gate Bi-Polar Transistor (IGBT)
Operation
Convert AC to DC
Convert DC to variable frequency AC
Advantages
Process control and energy savings
Good displacement power factor
Compact size
Disadvantages
Poor input harmonics
Poor distortion power factor
Conventional Drive L1 IM T3 T1 T2 L2 L3
Input Rectifiers
DC Bus
Output IGBTs
More information on power factor later in the presentation.

7. Matrix IGBT Bi-directional Switch
Circuit of Insulated Gate Bi- Polar Transistors (IGBT) and diodes
Enables bi-directional switching between input phases
Switching produces simulated sine wave output
Enables regenerative power back to the supply
The Matrix, however, uses bi-directional IGBTs in its design in a completely different configuration. Being bi-directional, they allow current to flow not only from the source to the motor, but also in the opposite direction, from the motor to the source.
The next slide will show how these bi-directional switches are connected between the power input and the output to the motor in a “matrix” fashion.

8. ~ M Matrix Drive Topology AC input to variable frequency AC output
Nine bi-directional switches
No DC bus
Advantages
Ultra-low input harmonics
Near-unity true power factor
Regenerative energy savings
Smaller than other harmonic solutions
Price
Comparable to other low-harmonic solutions
Higher than conventional six-pulse drives L1 T1 ~ L2 T2 M L3 T3
As you can see, the bi-directional switches enable the Matrix to connect each input phase to each output phase at any time.
With no DC bus to charge, the charging current pulses are eliminated, thus virtually eliminating current harmonics. Since the Matrix drive produces ultra-low harmonics, the additional expensive and bulky components typically used for harmonics mitigation are unnecessary.
The Matrix is a more expensive drive to build than a conventional drive, and so is priced higher. However, when compared to conventional drives with the harmonics mitigation components, such as multi-pulse transformers, the Matrix is priced comparably or lower.

9. Matrix Theory of Operation
Line-side supply to the Matrix drive are the three input phase voltages
The Matrix monitors the voltage difference between the phases
Vmax
Vmin
The “brains” of the Matrix continually monitors and voltage difference between each of the phases and has those varying voltages to use for its pulse width modulation.

10. Matrix Principle of Control
The difference between Vmax and Vmin
Creates a virtual DC bus
The maximum voltage differences, although not a constant DC, is utilized as a virtual DC bus.

11. Matrix Input and Output Voltages
Input Phase Voltages
Phase voltage differences
Available at all times for Matrix operation
Nine IGBTs can switch any input phase to any output phase at any time
Matrix “knows”
What voltages to use when for pulse width modulation for generation of three output phases
Phase Voltage Differences
The idea of the “knows” is how the Matrix uses the various voltage differences between the phases to select the right one at the right time to generate the pulses shown in the next slide.

12. Comparison to Conventional Drives
Low
Harmonics
Power
Factor
Greater
Efficiency
Regeneration
Compact Size
Good ~ M
VFD
Variable Frequency Drive without input impedance
Best
Better
Good ~ M
VFD
Filter
Active Front End: Competitor’s harmonics mitigation ~ M
U1000
iQpump
Best
Achieves all benefits without additional components
Make sure to run this in Slide Show.

13. Harmonics Performance Comparison Details
Fundamental Wave
Current Waveform
Current Distortion
True Power Factor*
88%
0.75
Current Harmonics
VFD
Variable Frequency Drive without reactor
33%
0.90
VFD
Variable Frequency Drive with DC reactor
5 to 12%
0.98
Filter
VFD
Variable Frequency Drive with multi-pulse
3 to 5%
0.98
U1000
iQpump
HVAC Matrix Variable Frequency Drive
*60Hz at full load

14. U1000 iQPump Harmonics Comparison
Excellent low harmonic performance over wide load range

15. Power Factor – Full Load
Unity Power factor
Displacement Power Factor
Matrix Power factor
Distortion Power Factor
Voltage
Current
Resistive
U1000
Voltage
Current
Voltage
Current
Motor
Voltage
Current
VFD

16. Power Factor – Why it Matters
Quantifies how efficiently a load utilizes the current it draws
Common power factor influences
Reactive loads
Induction motors
Voltage and current harmonics
Variable frequency drives
Low power factor = Inefficient current utilization
Requires increased power system capacity and higher utility bills
U1000 iQpump

17. True Power Factor
True power factor is improved approximately 0.21 over standard 6-pulse drive without DC bus choke.
0.21

18. Efficiency Comparison

19. Conventional VFDs require contactors to “bypass” drive.
Matrix Eco-Mode
Maximum efficiency at steady power supply frequency ~ M
VFD
Contactor ~ M
U1000 iQpump
Conventional VFDs require contactors to “bypass” drive.
Matrix closes switches to connect input directly to output without additional components.

20. Power Monitoring
POWER OUTPUT
U1000 iQpump can monitor power in several ways to give instant feedback on energy saved.
POWER
CONSUMPTION
REGENERATIVE
POWER
POWER SAVED
POWER BILL
Power consumption, power output and regenerative power are internal kwh calculations that can be shown as monitors called up on the Z1000U screen.
Power bill is a calculation of power consumption kwh multiplied by the $/kwh rate input by the user, again shown as a monitor.
Power saved is a calculation like power bill, only based on the regenerative power value (not a comparison to any other drive or installation).

21. System Layout Comparison – 12-Pulse
12-pulse Autotransformer
Fuse
AC reactor ~
VFD M
3-phase monitor
U1000 iQpump Advantages
75% reduced wiring
50% reduced size
~50% reduced weight ~ M
U1000 iQpump

22. System Space Comparison – 12-Pulse
Depth: 30”
How’s This for Compact?
Depth: 25”
MCCB
AC Drive
100 HP
U1000
iQpump
MCCB
Reactor
Height: 92”
Height: 54”
Fuses
Floor Space:
25% less
Wall Space:
50% less
Reactor
Phase Shift
Transformer
Width: 35”
Width: 39”

23. System Layout Comparison – Harmonic Filter
Fuse ~
VFD M
U1000 iQpump Advantages
76% reduced wiring
50% reduced size
~20% reduced weight ~ M
U1000 iQpump

24. System Space Comparison – Harmonic Filter
Depth: 30”
Depth: 21”
How’s This for Compact?
Depth: 25”
Harmonic
Filter
100 HP
U1000
iQpump
MCCB
MCCB
AC Drive
Height: 51”
Height: 54”
Floor Space:
56% less
Wall Space:
45% less
Reactor
Reactor
Width: 66”
Width: 35”

25. Intelligent Pump Control Features
U1000 iQpump
iQpump1000
Simplex
Simplex with Constant Speed Lag Multiplexing (VTC Mode)
Drive to Drive Multiplexing
Up to 8 Pumps
Pre-Programmed Application Macros (A1-03 Group):
Constant Pressure
Pump Down Constant Level
Geothermal Mode
VTC (Vertical Turbine) Pressure Control with Lag Pump Multiplexing
General Purpose Mode
External Run and Speed Reference
Submersible Motor General Purpose Mode Using Digital Operator

26. Intelligent Pump Control Features
U1000 iQpump
iQpump1000
Pump Specific Software Features:
Selectable Engineering System Units
Sleep Mode / Minimum Flow
Start Level / Drawdown
Hand Mode Control Operations
Minimum Pump Speed
Transducer feedback Scaling
No Flow / Deadhead Protection
Submersible Thrust Bearing Control
Automatic Fault Restarts for Drive and Pump Protection
Sleep Boost

27. Intelligent Pump Control Features
U1000 iQpump
iQpump1000
Pump Specific Software Features (Continued):
Loss of Prime (LOP) / Well Dry Run
Automatic Power Loss Utility Start Delay
Broken Pipe Protection
Transducer Feedback Loss
Transducer Feedback Loss with Programmable GOTO speeds
Pre-Charge / Controlled Pipe Fill
Hard Current Limit
Over Torque Detection
Pump Back Spin Timer
Multiplex Drive to Drive Pump Setup and Adjustments

28. Intelligent Pump Control
U1000 iQpump
iQpump1000
Pump Specific Software Features (Continued):
Pulse Input for Flow Meter Control and
Water Usage Data Logging
Pump De-Scale / De-Ragging
Measuring Water Well Drawdown via transducer with Constant Discharge Pressure
Inlet Suction Pressure Control via Transducer Feedback
Real Time Clock Sequence Drive On/Off Run Timers
Single Phase Loss Speed Foldback Protection
Secondary Transducer Input for Redundancy in Simplex and Multiplex Mode
December 27, 2016

29. Intelligent Pump Control
U1000 iQpump
iQpump1000
Pump Specific Software Features (Continued):
Low and High Feedback Detection
Low and High Water Float Inputs
Pump Over Cycle Protection
Impeller Anti-jam Protection

30. Configuration and Monitoring Tools
Local Keypad for convenient access
LCD display for descriptive information
Remote mountable
Built-in memory for configuration backup
DriveWizard PC Configuration Software
Uses U1000 iQpump’s Built-in USB Port (no special cables required)
Configuration, Monitoring, Trending

31. U1000 iQpump Multi-Function I/O
Standard I/O
(8) digital inputs
(3) analog inputs: 0-10 VDC or 4-20 mA
(3) digital outputs: 2 Form A, 1 Form C relay
(2) analog outputs: 0-10 VDC or 4-20 mA
I/O Expansion Modules
(8) digital outputs

32. U1000 iQpump Network Communications
Embedded
Modbus/Memobus
Optional
DeviceNet
EtherNet/IP
Modbus TCP/IP
Profibus DP
Profinet

33. U1000 iQpump NEMA 3R Packages
Standard Features
Disconnect
Door-mounted keypad
40°C ambient
UL Listed
Options
Input Circuit Breaker
Output reactor (5%)
50°C ambient
Raycap Surge Supressor
HOA Switch and Speed Pot

34. Reasons to Use the U1000 iQpump