1. Why did Qing Dynasty end?
Many reasons…. They were foreigners- Manchurians not Han Chinese-Discrimination against the Han Chinese!
Western Influence- British and others force trade & war on China.
Corruption in the dynasty, last empress Dowager Cixi
They were foreigners- there were many Rebellions against the Qing Dynasty.
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2. British Smuggle in Opium Opium Addiction in China
Opium Dens
Remember, the Qing Emperors refused to trade with the British, so the British start to smuggle in Opium therefore gaining a lot of profit from China.
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3. Illegal Smuggling of Opium
Opium War starts in 1839, but this entire period is devastating to the Chinese and Dynasty.
Illegal Smuggling of Opium

4. Qing Dynasty attacks a British ship carrying Opium
Chinese destroy a British Ship!
War between China & Britain!
First War was 1839
British begin to use their superior Navy to defeat the Qing Dynasty in War.
British also raid Chinese coastal areas including taking “Qing Ships with tax money”- hurting the Qing bankroll!
British win the wars; humiliation for China!
The Chinese lose the War! HUMILIATION FOR CHINA!
Britain forces trade with China.
Foreigners begin to come to China!
Qing Emperors are seen as weak- can’t stop foreigners.
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5. Treaty of Nanjing 1842 Reimburse Britain for the Cost of the War!
Forces China to open Ports of Trade to British & other Europeans! Spheres of Influence!
Hong Kong- Britain gains complete control of this part of China as well.
Extraterritoriality to British Citizens in China!
Humiliation for the Chinese!
Treaty of Nanjing 1842
Signing of the Treaty
At the end of the Opium Wars, a unfair treaty was signed to end the War.
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6. Qing

7. Qing

8. Rebellions against the Qing
Many Chinese believed Emperors had lost control to Western Traders & Foreigner!
Three Rebellions will occur, on the last rebellion will end the Qing Dynasty.
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9. A Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty!
Chinese rebel against their own government- they are seen as weak & corrupt!
Empress Dowager did NOT reform her government & even asked the British to help her stop the rebellion!
20-30 Million people die in rebellion from fighting and or famine!
Taiping Rebellion- 14 year unsuccessful rebellion!
Taiping Rebellion, 14 years of rebellion million die of starvation or from rebellion
Boxer Rebellion- Chinese rise up against “foreigners” in the country & against the Qing Emperors for allowing foreigners in the country.
1911 Revolution- finally brings and end to Qing Dynasty.
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10. Drive the “foreign devils” out of China!
Boxer Rebellion
Boxers were starving peasant farmers who wanted foreigners out of China!
Drive the “foreign devils” out of China!
Terrible fighting, Qing Troops reluctantly help the Boxers- Western Troops crush the rebellion!
Western troops even forced their way into the Forbidden Palace….Empress dowager flees the palace….
Empress Dowager and Puyi will return to the forbidden City, but more as prisoners, “puppet” government.
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11. 1911 Revolution
Finally the third rebellion, is the one to bring an end to the Qing Dynasty!
End to Dynastic Rule in China after Thousands of Years!
Chinese Revolutionist wanted to establish a republic/democracy!
Fragile Republic in China.
Note: western Influence does not come to an end during this time period.
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12. Father of China’s Republic 1912-1928
Dr. Sun Yat-Sen/ Nationalist Party
Sun's three principles for a new society were National freedom; Democratic government; and the people's livelihood.
Unfortunately it was a weak & new government; warlords begin to fight for power!
The new Republic DID NOT Last & a Civil War breaks out in China.
. He planed on taking over the country and liberating it from foreign power
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13. Century of Humiliation
Time period from mid- 1800’s & Opium War
The New Republic is weak and collapsed!
European Imperialism continues.
A Civil War begins & continues for several decades.
In mist of Civil War, Japan attacks China!
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