FGDC Standards Facilitating data accessibility, and integration

FGDC Standards Facilitating data accessibility, and integration
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 FGDC Standards Facilitating data accessibility, and integration Sharon Shin FGDC Metadata Coordinator Air Force Space Command Emergency Services Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 18, 2003

Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado
November 2003 FGDC Standards Standards organizations Federal guidance on standards Why use standards? Recognition of non-Federally authored standards Geospatial One-Stop

Standards Organizations
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Standards Organizations ISO, The International Standards Organization ANSI, American National Standards Institute INCITS INSITS-L1 FGDC, Federal Geographic Data Committee ISO-The International Standards Organization ANSI- American National Standards Institute- The US member body of the ISO has accredited the INCITS (International Committee for Information Technology Standards) is comprised of many technical committees that develop standards for specific topical areas. INCITS-L1 Geographic Information Systems, The technical committee is charged to adapt or adopt information technology standards and develop standards used in creating defining, describing, and processing digital geographic data. L1 represents the US on the US Technical Advisory Group (TAG) for the ISO Technical Committee for Geographic Information Systems (TC-211). Most of the standards generated by ISO/TC211 projects will eventually be adopted as ANSs through INCITS. The L1 seeks members from all sectors of the geospatial community which includes Federal agencies, academia, professional societies, software vendors, and system integrators. To join an organization or individual submits an application to INCITS. (

Federal Standards Guidance and the FGDC
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Federal Standards Guidance and the FGDC Executive Order (April 1994) OMB Circular A-16 OMB Circular A-119 OMB Circular A-11 OMB Circular A-130 FGDC: Executive Order (April 1994) A Visionary concept to build the NSDI. Directs FGDC to develop standards. Directs Federal agencies to use FGDC standards in data acquisition. Executive Order establishes the National Spatial Data Infrastructure, (NSDI) as the technology, policies, STANDARDS, and human resources necessary to acquire, process, store, distribute, and improve utilization of geospatial data. OMB Circular A-16- Coordination of Geographic Information and Related Spatial Data Activities, establishes the FGDC as the interagency coordination body for NSDI related activities. Under A-16 and EO 12906, standards adopted through the FGDC process are mandatory for Federal agency use OMB Circular A Policy for federal participation and use of standards and conformance assessment Federal use of external standards – “voluntary consensus standards" Federal participation in voluntary consensus standards bodies OMB Circular A-11- Budget guidance and Capital Asset Planning Section and Exhibit 300 – II.A.2.D direct that geospatial data be compliance with FGDC standards OMB Circular A-130 Policy for managing federal information resources- “Prudent and proper behavior” in the acquisition, capturing, and generation of information of all types

November 2003 Why use Standards Facilitate data sharing Increase interoperability among automated geospatial information systems. Data producers doing business with Federal Agencies, utilizing federal funds are directed to utilize standards in the development of their product. Others: are not required to use FGDC standards. However, FGDC standards are freely available and promote data sharing- many states and local governments have adopted FGDC standards or adopted them for their use. The standards process is structured, iterative, and well-documented. Standards are developed by volunteers from the topical community to assure content meets the community’s needs. Standards are publicly reviewed and comments are adjudicated (accepted/declined and why). Standards proposal are submitted by FGDC working (thematic) groups whereby the proposed standard is developed, reviewed by the Standards Working Group, reviewed by the FGDC, upon approval reviewed by the public, comments responded, response evaluated, approved for endorsement and endorsed. The FGDC has issued a number of directives to assist in the standards development process. Standards are periodically reviewed for revision.

Non-Federal Standards
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Non-Federal Standards Standards developed by other organizations FGDC proposed policy on endorsement or recommendation of non-Federal standards Two levels of FGDC recognition Endorsement – mandatory for use Recommendation – the non-federal standard is recognized as a useful standard, but is not deemed to be of such broad applicability that its use should be mandatory. OMB Circulars A-16 and A-119 do not define a mechanism for identifying, selecting, and coordinating the adoption of non-Federally developed standards. Since common standards promote efficient geographic information collection and exchange, and, it was determined that the FGDC needed a mechanism for recognition of non-Federally authored standards. Approved at FGDC Standards Working Group meeting … to be presented at FGDC Coordination Group meeting.

November 2003 Geospatial One-Stop Accelerates implementation of the NSDI, making geospatial information access easier, faster, and cheaper for all levels of government and public Increases federal agency accountability for the stewardship and sharing of geospatial resources. Intergovernmental Board of Directors provides guidance to the project; includes Federal and non-federal. E-Gov initiatives are components of President Bush’s Management Agenda, where the US Office of Management and Budget oversees the direction of all E-Government Initiatives. While One-Stop is ‘one’ of 24 E-gov initiatives, it is perceived as providing the geographic component for all of the initiatives. Within the Administration and consequently nationally, it has raised the awareness about the importance of geospatial data. OMB is holding Federal agencies accountable for their participation in the initiative. They are a prime player in driving this initiative and making sure it happens. GOS should not be viewed as something different than the NSDI, it is simply accelerating the implementation of the NSDI. The purpose of One-Stop is to make it easier, faster, and cheaper for all to access geospatial information. The most significant and unique aspect of collaboration comes into play with the Intergovernmental Board of Directors representing state, local, and tribal organizations and the federal government. DOI serves as the Managing Partner for One Stop. Hank Garie formerly from the State of New Jersey is GOS’s executive director. Contact information: Donna Scholz Deputy Exec. Dir 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, Virginia

Geospatial One-Stop Project Modules
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Geospatial One-Stop Project Modules Establish integrated Data Content Standards for commonly used data themes. Use metadata to inventory, document and publish Framework data holdings in NSDI Clearinghouse. Publish metadata for planned data acquisition and update for Framework data in NSDI Clearinghouse (geospatial data marketplace). Prototype and deploy enhanced data access and web mapping services for Federal Framework data. Establish a Federal Portal (One-Stop) as a logical extension to the NSDI Clearinghouse Network. These are the 5 modules of effort within One-Stop.

November 2003 Relationship of Framework Standards Rail Air Roads Elevation Transportation Transit Base Standard Waterways Cadastral Geodetic Control These are the theme and sub-theme working drafts developed by GOS’s Modeling Advisory Teams (MATs) over the past year. There are 13 working drafts. Transportation has six – one for each of five modes (air, rail, roads, transit, and inland waterways), and a “base standard” that includes terms, definitions, UML, etc. shared by two or more modes or considered significant enough by MATs to be raised to the transportation base standard. There is also a working draft for each Framework theme (cadastral, digital orthoimagery, elevation, geodetic control, government unit boundaries, and Hydrography), and a base standard for the entire set. The contains terms, definitions, UML, etc. shared by two or more themes or considered significant enough by the harmonization team to be raised to the base standard. Governmental Units Orthoimagery Hydrography

Standards submitted to ANSI through Geospatial One-Stop
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Standards submitted to ANSI through Geospatial One-Stop Modules 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Final draft pre-ANSI harmonized framework data standard Module 1 Working draft base standard Base Standard Elevation Cadastral Hydrography Working draft framework data standard (scheduled for September 30) Working draft data theme standard Gov. Units Orthoimagery URL: Geospatial One-Stop has delivered these documents to the International Committee on Information Technology Standards L1 (INCITS L1). Geospatial One-Stop is now preparing for a public review, scheduled to begin in the coming months. Watch the above website and the Federal Register for more information. Please us at with questions. Geodetic Control Transportation Working draft sub-theme standards Air Rail Roads Transit Waterways

November 2003 Discussion In your experiences as first responders consider how the following would impact your ability to act. Locating data Readily accessible data Time is critical in your activities accessing accurate and up-to-date data is critical.

November 2003 FGDC Standards The National Grid/The Soil Geographic Data Standard Accuracy Standards Spatial Data Transfer Standards Classification Standards Content Standards Discussed next are the FGDC standards.

November 2003 FGDC Standards The National Grid The Soil Geographic Data Standard The National Grid establishes one grid system for developing location-based services within the United States and to increase the interoperability of location services appliances with printed map products by establishing a nationally consistent grid reference system as the preferred grid for National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) applications. The U.S. National Grid is based on universally defined coordinate and grid systems and can, therefore, be easily extended for use world-wide as a universal grid reference system. The Soil Geographic Data Standard standardize the names, definitions, ranges of values, and other characteristics of soil survey map attribute data developed by the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS). The NCSS is the body composed of the various federal, state, and local units of government who work cooperatively to develop the soil survey of all lands in the United States.

November 2003 Accuracy Standards National Map Accuracy Standards Geospatial Positioning Accuracy Standard Reporting Methodology Geodetic Control Networks National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy Architecture Engineering Construction and Facilities Management Reporting methodology standard for the accuracy of point spatial data. All spatial data will contain a statement describing the accuracy of these point data as single overriding methodology is desired. This standard applies to point-specific data only, not other types of accuracy such as for area, lines, attributes, and raster data Geodetic control surveys are usually performed to establish a basic control network (framework) from which supplemental surveying and mapping work, covered in other parts of this document, is performed. Geodetic network surveys are distinguished by use of redundant, interconnected, permanently monumental control points that comprise the framework for the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) or are often incorporated into the NSRS. The National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) implements a well-defined statistic and testing methodology for positional accuracy of maps and geospatial data derived from sources such as aerial photographs, satellite imagery, or maps. Accuracy is reported in ground units. The testing methodology is comparison of data set coordinate values with coordinate values from a higher accuracy source for points that represent features readily visible or recoverable from the ground. While this standard evaluates positional accuracy at points, it applies to geospatial data sets that contain point, vector, or raster spatial objects. Architecture, Engineering… Management Accuracy Standard- For engineering drawings, maps, and surveys used to support planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and management of facilities, installations, structures, transportation systems, and related projects. It is intended to support geospatial mapping data used in various engineering documents, such as architectural, engineering, and construction (A/E/C) drawings, site plans, regional master planning maps, and related Geographical Information System (GIS), Computer-Aided Drafting and Design (CADD), and Automated Mapping/Facility Management (AM/FM) products.

Spatial Data Transfer Standard
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Spatial Data Transfer Standard SDTS, modified adopted by ANSI Part 5- Raster Profile and Extensions Part 6- Point Profile Status: Currently undergoing a five-year periodic review through INCITS. Why- To allow transferring earth-referenced spatial data between dissimilar computer systems with the potential for no information loss. SDTS promotes and facilitates the transfer of digital spatial data between dissimilar computer systems, while preserving information meaning and minimizing the need for information external to the transfer. Implementation of SDTS is of significant interest to users and producers of digital spatial data because of the potential for increased access to and sharing of spatial data, the reduction of information loss in data exchange, the elimination of the duplication of data acquisition, and the increase in the quality and integrity of spatial data. SDTS is neutral, modular, growth-oriented, extensible, and flexible--all characteristics of an "open systems" standard. Status

Classification Standards
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Classification Standards Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States Vegetation Classification Standard These standards provide a consistent schema for wetlands and vegetation classifications.

November 2003 Content Standards Cadastral Data Content Standard Content Standard for Digital Orthoimagery Content Standard for Remote Sensing Swath Data Utilities Data Content Standard Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata The Cadastral Data Content Standard supports the automation and integration of publicly available land records information. It’s intended use for all levels of government and the private sector. The standard contains the standardization of entities and objects related to cadastral information including survey measurements, transactions related to interests in land, general property descriptions, and boundary and corner evidence data. Orthoimagery- defines the orthoimagery theme of the digital geospatial data framework and envisioned by the FGDC . It is the intent of this standard to set a common baseline that will ensure the widest utility of digital orthoimagery for the user and producer communities through enhanced data sharing and the reduction of redundant data production. RS-Swath data- This standard defines the content for remote sensing swath data (subsequently called the swath data model), thereby providing a solid basis from which to develop interoperable data formats for this common form of remote sensing data. The data model shall define the minimal content requirements for a swath and the relationships among its individual components. It shall also discuss the treatment of optional supporting information within the swath model. Utilities Geospatial Data Content Standard is to standardize geospatial information for utility systems. This standard specifies the names, definitions, and domains for utility system components that can be geospatially depicted as feature types and their non-graphical attributes.

November 2003 Discussion In your experiences as first responders consider how the following would impact your ability to act. Varying levels of content Varying classification systems

November 2003 Metadata The value of metadata Data preservation Extending project dollar/efficient use of funds Data access Metadata helps people who use geospatial data find the data they need and determine how best to use it. Metadata benefit the data -producing organization as well. As personnel change in an organization, institutional knowledge leaves the organization. Undocumented data can lose their value. Subsequent workers may have little understanding of the contents and uses for a digital data base and may find they can't trust results generated from these data. Also, lack of knowledge about other organizations' data can lead to duplication of effort. It may seem burdensome to add the cost of generating metadata to the cost of data collection, but in the long run metadata is worth it. Why use a standard? When producing a map, the cartographer must organize all the descriptive information that goes into the map legend in a particular format. Titles are put in a specific place, tic marks are made a certain way, meters may be used instead of feet, and so forth. A metadata standard is simply a common set of terms and definitions that describe geospatial data.

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Biological Data Profile Metadata Profile for Shoreline Data Extension for Remote Sensing Metadata The CSDGM allows for profiles and extensions to the base standard thus allowing thematic communities to add fields and extend domains (field contents)

Minimal vs. Detailed Metadata
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 Minimal vs. Detailed Metadata Who What Where Why When How Sources Methods Processes Attributes Projection Distribution Minimal metadata utilizes only two sections of the content standard, CSDGM. However critical information is documented in other portions of the standard. The FGDC strongly encourages metadata creators to complete the remaining sections of the standard.

November 2003 Discussion In your experiences as first responders consider how the following would impact your ability to act. Varying scales Attributes lack of/varying Temporal aspects Other data issues

November 2003 Metadata in the Future ISO Why a new standard When Migrating to the new standard ANSI has adopted ISO Geographic Information Metadata. This standard is in UML and provides the base for ISO a XML implementation model of The ISO standards are developed and reviewed by the international geographic information community. The content provides a base standard for all GI communities to implement. The standard strongly implemented code-lists to facilitate ISO is expected to undergo final vote early in The current draft may experience small changes. FGDC has sponsored the development of FGDC to ISO conversion software as a stand-alone application. It will be free of charge and available from the FGDC website once ISO is finalized.

November 2003 Accessing Metadata The FGDC clearinghouse site offers multiple avenues to access metadata including a java script application. The FGDC clearinghouse accesses through one query a multitude of domestic and international clearinghouses. The GOS Portal, currently in prototype, will allow access to federal, state, and local metadata through a streamlined access application. In your project planning phase, visit these sites to locate and access datasets for integration to your GIS database. Clearinghouse GOS Portal

Metadata to make your datasets accessible/useable by the GOS portal
Projection information Unique identifier WMS “get”, “post” request

FGDC Contacts www.fgdc.gov
Air Force Space Command Symposium Colorado Springs, Colorado November 2003 FGDC Contacts Julie Binder-Maitra Standards Coordinator gov Bonnie Gallahan Education and Training Coordinator fgdc.gov Sharon Shin Metadata Coordinator fgdc.gov Julie is the FGDC’s representative to INCITS L-1 and leads all FGDC standards efforts. Bonnie develops education and training alliances and partnerships in regards to all FGDC activities. Sharon leads metadata coordination between federal, state, and local governments, academia, ngo’s and academia. Copies of specific standards may be downloaded from the FGDC website. The metadata standard, workbooks, training materials, training calendar, and trainer information is available from the site. Please contact any of us for assistance.

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