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Chapter 4 Circuit-Switching Networks

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 4 Circuit-Switching Networks"— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 4 Circuit-Switching Networks
Multiplexing

2 North American Digital Multiplexing Hierarchy
1 24 4 7 6 . Mux DS1 signal, 1.544Mbps DS2 signal, 6.312Mbps DS3 signal, Mpbs DS4 signal Mbps 24 DS0 4 DS1 7 DS2 6 DS3 * DS: Digital Signal DS0, 64 Kbps channel DS1, Mbps channel DS2, Mbps channel DS3, Mbps channel DS4, Mbps channel

3 CCITT Digital Hierarchy : European
1 30 4 . Mux 2.048 Mbps 8.448 Mbps Mpbs Mbps 64 Kbps E1, Mbps channel E2, Mbps channel E3, Mbps channel E4, Mbps channel

4 SONET: Overview Synchronous Optical NETwork
North American TDM physical layer standard for optical fiber communications 8000 frames/sec. (Tframe = 125 sec) compatible with North American digital hierarchy Greatly simplifies multiplexing in network backbone Protection & restoration

5 SONET Specifications Defines electrical & optical signal interfaces
Multiplexing, Regeneration performed in electrical domain STS – Synchronous Transport Signals Optical Transmission carried out in optical domain Optical transmitter & receiver OC – Optical Carrier

6 SONET Electrical Signal
SONET & SDH Hierarchy SONET Electrical Signal Optical Signal Bit Rate (Mbps) STS-1 OC-1 51.84 STS-3 OC-3 155.52 STS-9 OC-9 466.56 STS-12 OC-12 622.08 STS-18 OC-18 933.12 STS-24 OC-24 STS-36 OC-36 STS-48 OC-48 STS-192 OC-192 STS: Synchronous Transport Signal OC: Optical Channel

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Chapter 4 Circuit-Switching Networks

Chapter 4 Circuit-Switching Networks

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