1. What word comes to mind? 2. How accurate is this?

2. The Slave Trade

3. Exploration Reasons Who? Sea route around Africa to India
Hoped to find Kingdoms of West Africa, who had large resources of gold
Who?
Prince Henry of Portugal(early 1440s)
Bartholomeu Dias (1488) sailed around the southern tip of Africa
Vasco da Gama (1498) followed Dias’ route and reached India by sea

4. Trade in Human Beings Why did demand increase?
Large labor force needed to make American colonies profitable
Native Americans died too quickly, Africans were believed to be better able to survive

5. Trade in Human Beings, cont
History
Existed since ancient times
Originally slaves were captives of war, sometimes people sold themselves into slavery during times of famine
Slaves considered part of community, often rose to positions of power, condition was not considered hereditary

6. Atlantic Slave Trade

7. Trade in Human Beings, cont
Atlantic Slave Trade
Slaves were packed into airless holds of slave ships – many did not survive the “middle passage”
Loose Pack/Tight Pack
Between 1500 and 1600, nearly 300,000 Africans were transported to the Americas, the next century the number rose to almost 1.5 million

8. Layout for packing of slaves in cargo area

9. Trade in Human Beings, cont
By the end in 1870, 9.5 million Africans had been imported to the Americas.
Majority sent to work on plantations in the Caribbean, much smaller number sent to British colonies
Many African rulers/merchants willingly caught and sold Africans to Westerners
had been selling Africans to Muslims and other African rulers for years
Portugal and Great Britain were active participants in the slave trade

10. Trade in Human Beings, cont
GUNS change everything!
Europeans traded guns & manufactured goods for slaves
Africans used guns to get more slaves

11. Ending the Slave Trade Supporters
Abolitionists (movement to end slavery)
Quakers, Olaudah Equiano, Frederick Douglass
King Affonso – Christian African ruler of Congo, who had once traded slaves, but decided it harmed his nation

12. Ending the Slave Trade, cont
Reasons
Humanitarian
Moral/Ethical
Enlightenment

13. Effects Society Disrupted Economy Suffered East Africa Encouraged wars
Increased tensions between neighboring peoples
Economy Suffered
raiders seized healthy young men and women
 no one left to farm & tend land
East Africa
Africans shipped to Middle East, Asia, North Africa

14. Effects Diaspora Legacy – Sierra Leone & Liberia
African people scattered across globe
Spread African ideas, customs, beliefs, musical traditions, proverbs, foods, art to other regions of the world
Legacy – Sierra Leone & Liberia
Sierra Leone  British set up West African colony for freed slaves in 1787
Liberia  US set up colony for freed slaves, independent in 1847