1. Improving safety oversight through technical cooperation and transparency of information

2. Strengthening aviation safety oversight through technical cooperation
The overall level of compliance with ICAO standards remains unsatisfactory
It is the responsibility of the international aviation community to assist those States which are unable to discharge their safety obligations
Particular attention should be given to States with unresolved ‘Significant Safety Concerns’ (SSC)
The pooling of resources through regional organisations can constitute an efficient means of strengthening safety
The coordinating role of ICAO is of paramount importance
The newly developed ICAO policy on regional governance is particularly welcome

3. Strengthening aviation safety oversight through enhanced transparency
Transparency in safety performance is fundamental to a safe air transport system. It is also an essential pre-requisite for a sound mutual recognition system
Progress in the promotion of transparency was achieved through the procedure of disclosing the USOAP information to the public
In Europe, transparency is further pursued through a procedure for establishing a list of unsafe airlines
The listing of unsafe airlines has proved to be effective in correcting significant safety deficiencies and serves as a strong incentive to worldwide air carriers and civil aviation authorities to continuously improve safety

4. Relationship between transparency and enforcement
It is also the responsibility of the international community to take action in cases of persistent disregard for aviation safety
Action needs to be taken to minimize the continuing aviation safety risk to the travelling public
Europe also calls for the disclosure of unresolved SSCs not only on the ICAO secure website but also in the public domain, while ensuring that passengers are informed of an increased safety risk
It is also proposed that no new airline designator codes should be issued by ICAO to airlines under the responsibility of a State with an unresolved SSC
The criteria for the application of the SSC procedure are worthy reviewing

5. Proposals for the Conference
Call upon the contracting CSs, regional organisations, donors and ICAO to more actively coordinate their technical cooperation efforts giving particular priority to regional cooperation projects
Call upon ICAO to convene a series of meetings to identify support for States with unresolved SSCs
Invite CSs to agree to make public unresolved SSCs and to call upon ICAO to bring to the attention of CSs and Regional Organisations all significant-safety infractions of the Convention

6. Proposals for the Conference
Call upon ICAO to give urgent consideration to communicating to the traveling public information about the way States are discharging their safety obligations
Recommend ICAO procedures are developed not to issue airline designator codes to airlines under the responsibility of a CS subject to an unresolved SSC
Call upon ICAO and CSs to review SSC criteria in view of USOAP findings, their severity, the level of effective implementation of SARPs and relevant differences filed against ICAO SARPs

7. Development of a new “State Safety Management” annex

8. There is a need to document more clearly the various safety tasks which lie with States by bringing them in a new Annex to the Chicago Convention
“State Safety Management”
SSP Framework: ICAO Annexes 1, 6, 8, 11, 13 and 14. Consistency and clarity would be better served if these provisions were not scattered in such way
The new Annex offers an opportunity to resolve current terminological inconsistencies and to clarify the SSP concept and its relationship to the industry mandated SMS provisions and the “critical elements” of a State Safety Oversight System

9. Contents of the new Annex
State Safety Programme provisions and its relationship to the 8 critical elements of a State Safety Oversight System
High-level Safety Management System requirements.
Industry-specific SMS mandates should remain in their respective Annexes
Measures in Chapter 8 of Annex 13 concerning accident prevention
Specific provisions dealing with investigation activity should remain in Annex 13 to give visibility as well as reflect the independence of the safety investigation process

10. Proposals for the Conference
For the next Assembly, recommend that ICAO Council, taking into account its cost-effectiveness, studies the opportunity of creating a new Annex to the Chicago Convention entitled “State Safety Management”

11. Safeguarding flight data and locating/recovering on-board recorders

12. Items of reference were to:
Following recent accidents French BEA established a Flight Data Recovery Working Group to look into new technology
to safeguard flight data
to facilitate the location and recovery of on-board recorders
Items of reference were to:
Propose solutions to enhance the recovery of flight data after an accident
Asses the technical feasibility of each solution
Present the advantages and disadvantages of each solution
Present the degree of “maturity” as well as the cost of each solution
The Flight Data Recovery Working Group did not cover legal aspects

13. Within the framework of the AF447 investigation, the BEA issued safety recommendations based on the work done by the Working Group, settled on three areas for significant improvements in safety:
Increasing the transmission time and range of the ULB beacons
The sending of data on initialisation
The installation of deployable recorders
AIG2008 agreed to recommend the implementation of Paragraph 5.12 and associated Attachment E

14. Proposals for the Conference
Recommend ICAO to evaluate changes in flight data recording and protection and propose changes in the appropriate Annexes
It could be done by the FLIRECP panel, transformed to also address data protection and other topics raised by AIG2008

15. Permanent communications with aircraft over oceanic areas

16. Potential of improved surveillance and route conformance monitoring
Loss of AF447 highlighted that non-permanent communication may adversely impact on
the timely launching of search and rescue phases
aircraft wreckage recovery
Potential of improved surveillance and route conformance monitoring
Enhance flight safety and efficiency

17. Proposals for the Conference
Call on ICAO to:
undertake a comprehensive review of potential short term enhancements to flight tracking and route conformance monitoring capabilities
ADS-C and CPDLC capabilities through satellite communications.
review means and procedures which mitigate HF communication reliability issues over the high seas
review the use of modern communication technologies in case of emergency
explore longer term solutions to those issues, taking account existing regional initiatives
OPTIMI
report by the Council to the 37th Assembly

18. The application of safety management principles to the design of flight deck activities

19. Information from many sources provides evidence of breakdown in flight deck activities leading to serious events or unsafe situations
Despite the interventions, based on applied human factor research (i.e. SOPs, CRM), to the design of flight deck activities, proper and effective checklist and SOP design continues to be an industry concern
The application of safety management principles to flight deck activities has a promising potential to protect against safety vulnerabilities during high workload phases of flight operations

20. Application of safety management principles should encompass two aspects
Flight crew training:
Need for broad implementation of Threat and Error Management (TEM) training
Flight deck activities design and standardization:
Checklist design
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for checklist execution, including flight crew briefings
Flight deck procedures and their relationship to the external flight environment
The design criteria for certification of warning systems (i.e. TOWS, LWS)
Flight crew training addressing the essential role checklists play and the need for strict adherence to the procedures established to support their execution

21. Proposals for the Conference
Propose that ICAO addresses and supports the need for broad implementation of the principles of TEM training for flight crews and;
With the support of a group of experts from States and industry stakeholders, ICAO:
studies the application of safety management principles and methodologies for the design and implementation of checklists and flight deck procedures, as well as for the certification criteria of warning systems, with a particular emphasis to the critical phases of flight operations
develops guidelines applicable to such an application
develops as necessary standards and recommended practices on the subject

22. Future pilot training

23. EASA Pilot training conference (1)
The EASA International Training Conference identified the following concerns about current pilot training:
Good organisational safety culture needs to be encouraged
Growing body of evidence that over-reliance on automatics can lead to dependency, complacency and confusion
Highly automated aeroplanes mean:
fewer opportunities for manual flying skills to be used
positive impacts on: safety, operational and fuel efficiency and reduction of emissions
The ability to recover from unusual aircraft attitudes should be optimized

24. EASA Pilot training conference (2)
Other topics addressed:
Training methods;
Prescriptive training=> competency and evidence-based training
Pilot selection
Instructor training
Analysis of incidents and accidents to identify training needs
“Negative” training should be better understood and clear guidance made available

25. Need for further work Lack of detailed quantitative data
to better understand the part played by pilot training in accidents and incidents
To continue with analyses that may help identify other courses of action that will prove to have safety benefits
The exchange of relevant safety information plays an important role
Multi-crew Pilot Licence (MPL) implementation has been poor and its review is needed
Threat and Error Management (TEM) training should be encouraged

26. Proposals for the Conference
Recommend to ICAO the establishment of a working group to:
Seek a global consensus on the approach for future pilot training, reviewing
Rules for MPL
Work done in evidence-based and competency-based
Review requirements to guard against the loss of manual flying skills
Support the need for broad implementation of Threat and Error Management training for pilots