1. I am Two: Seeing things my way!
Dr Kay Mathieson

2. Birth Three months Fifteen months Two years
Greenfield, S. Brain Story BBC 2000

3. Sensitivity ‘Sensitive periods’ in early brain development
Binocular vision
Central auditory system
Habitual ways of responding
Language learning
High
Emotional control
Peer social skills
Sensitivity
Low 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3
P.O. Svanberg Sept 2010

4. Complex emotions, guilt, shame, empathy
Social Learning
Attachment
Joint attention
Object Permanence
Social referencing
Boundaries
Peer relationships
Intentions
Rules
Desires
Motivations
Identity
Gender
Theory of mind
Negotiation
Rule exceptions
Moral awareness
Dilemmas
Complex emotions, guilt, shame, empathy

5. The two year old’s job description
To work out what everything is and what everything does.

6. Emotional environment
Mind mindedness – Elizabeth Meins
Sensitivity recognising children’s cues, responding promptly and appropriately
Recognition that infants have their own desires, thoughts and intentions
Being treated as an individual with a mind rather than just one who has needs which must be met
Laranjo,J.,Bernier,A.,Meins,A., (2008) Associations between maternal mind-mindedness and infant attachment security: Investigating the mediating role of maternal sensitivity Infant Behaviour and Development 31,

7. Tuning in: Interpreting what we see
Recognising competence and confidence
Extending competence and confidence
Meltzoff, Kuhl, Movellan & Sejnowski (2009)
The role of ‘social’ in learning
Foundational mechanisms – three social skills of ‘imitation, shared attention, and empathetic understanding’

8. Watching to understand
Moving independently with increasing confidence
Frustrated when needing help
Still important to crawl, roll, all fours
Pushing, pulling
Being strong but gentle
Finding my edges
Upside down and spinning

9. Inter-related areas of development
Personal, social emotional development
Communication and language
Physical development
Implications?
PD implications for personal, social emotional development
PD implications for communication and language
CL implications for personal, social emotional development
PSED – implications for communication and language

10. Perspective taking Understanding our own and other’s intentions
Motivation
Experience of other’s and their responses
Talking, talking and more talking
The influence of family talk about feelings and thoughts of others
Dunn, Brown, Slomkowski, Tesla & Youngblade 1991
SEAL pictures – develop to photos of current children

11. Developing a sense of self Who am I when I am with you?
Words I am beginning to associate with me
Words I associate with others
My confidences and competencies
Words you associate with yourself

12. Pretend Play Developing language
Building thinking, extending experience
Exploring perspective taking
Shared meaning with playmates
Negotiating changes in direction of play
What pretend play are the children showing interest in at the moment

13. Getting to two Prenatal development ? Healthy, stress free pregnancy ?
Social support and close loving relationships ?
Birth ?
Vulnerable, risk and protective factors ?
First year - sleep depravation, finances, anxiety and loads of fun!
Confidence, competence and networks of support to call on?
When do I become "two”