1. A D V A N C E D E N G L I S H C O U R S E
PRESENT
PERFECT
TENSE
Rahayu Kencana Arkhami 6C

2. Present Perfect Tense Definition :
Present Perfect Tense is use to express action that happened at unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important.
The difference between present perfect tense and simple past tense :
The most important thing to describe present perfect tense is the event.
eg. I have seen that film.
The most important things in simple past tense is the time.
eg. I saw that film last night
The function of have/has in a sentence :
Have/ has as a verb
eg. She has a new shirt
Have/ has as an auxiliary verb
eg. She has gone to Jakarta
Have to/ has to as a verb
eg. They have to go

3. The Usage of Present Perfect Tense :
To show that something started in the past and has continued up until now.
eg. She has walked for two hours
To show that something happened in the past without any specified time.
eg. I have seen her
To show an action happened in the past without any specified time, followed by these words ; before, already, ever, never, and yet.
eg. I have heard this before

4. How to form present perfect tense ?
1. For verbal sentences :
Positif Sentence S + Have/Has + V3
eg. She has visited Bali twice
Negative Sentence S + Have/Has + Not + V3
eg. They haven’t done their homework
Interrogative Sentence Have/Has + S + V3 ?
eg. Have you ever gone to America ?
Asking Information Question word + Have/Has + S + V3 ?
eg. What have you done ?

5. 2. For nominal sentences :
Positif Sentence S + Have/Has + Been + Non Verb
eg. They have been happy
Negative Sentence S + Have/Has + Not + Been + Non Verb
eg. You have not been here
Interrogative Sentence Have/Has + S + Been + Non Verb?
eg. Have they been a pilot?
Asking Information Question word + Have/Has + S +Been Non Verb?
eg. Who has been on time?

6. Time Signals

7. References
Azar, Betty Schrampfer. (1999). English Grammar : Third Edition. New York. Longman.
Suryadi Junaidi, S.Pd. (2007). Complete English Grammar. Yogyakarta. Pustaka Belajar.
Lado, M.J. (2008). Practical Complete English Grammar. Jakarta. Titik Terang.