Walkthrough the Inside of an Atom

Walkthrough the Inside of an Atom
With Mr. Williams

Objectives If given an atomic structure of an atom, the students will be able to list: number of neutrons, protons, electrons, name of element, and/or charge If asked to draw Bohr’s model, the students will be able to do so and list each component: nucleus, orbitals, and/or valence electrons

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How to navigate…. Click to Choose Click to Choose Click to Choose Click to Choose Click next for next slide

WHY…. …. is this important?
Why someone can get electrocuted with tap water, but not distilled water! Don’t believe me? Stay tuned! You will be able to learn why if I drop an alkali metal in water it will explode! Click on the flame to see it happen!

WHY….

Atom Periodic Table Electron Proton Neutron
Review Sub Atomic Particles are the parts that make up an Atom. If you need a refresher, click on the areas below to review. If not, go on! Atom Periodic Table Electron Proton Neutron

Atom The whole world is made of atoms! We are looking at what is “under the hood” of each atom by looking at its subatomic particles! Those particles are electron, proton, and neutron!

Periodic Table All of the atoms in the world (that we have found) are organized by the Periodic Table of Elements. Rows are called periods and each column is called a group! This is important for all chemistry later on.

Electron Electron is a tricky subatomic particle. It is the part that moves between other atoms (remember protons and neutrons don’t move!) and causes all types of interactions. Their relative weight is zero and their charge is negative (-1).

Proton Proton is found in the nucleus of each atom. It’s relative weight is one and charge is positive (+1). Remember, the proton does not move at all in the atom!

Neutron Neutron is found in the nucleus of the atom (the center). It has no charge but still has a relative weight of one! Like the proton, it does not move from the nucleus

1 -1 cloud nucleus Quiz Time!
Complete the table to continue on by answering the highlighted box with the correct answer Number Mass Charge Location Electron Proton Neutron 1 -1 cloud nucleus

Quiz Time! TRY AGAIN!

1 -1 cloud nucleus Quiz Time!
Complete the table to continue on by answering the highlighted box with the correct answer Number Mass Charge Location Electron Proton Neutron 1 -1 cloud nucleus

1 -1 cloud nucleus Quiz Time! 1
Complete the table to continue on by answering the highlighted box with the correct answer Number Mass Charge Location Electron Proton 1 Neutron 1 -1 cloud nucleus

-1 cloud nucleus 1 Quiz Time! -1 1
Complete the table to continue on by answering the highlighted box with the correct answer Number Mass Charge Location Electron -1 Proton 1 Neutron -1 cloud nucleus 1

1 -1 cloud nucleus Quiz Time! -1 1
Complete the table to continue on by answering the highlighted box with the correct answer Number Mass Charge Location Electron -1 Proton 1 Neutron 1 -1 cloud nucleus

1 -1 cloud nucleus Quiz Time! -1 cloud 1
Complete the table to continue on by answering the highlighted box with the correct answer Number Mass Charge Location Electron -1 cloud Proton 1 Neutron 1 -1 cloud nucleus

1 -1 cloud nucleus Quiz Time! -1 cloud 1 nucleus
Complete the table to continue on by answering the highlighted box with the correct answer Number Mass Charge Location Electron -1 cloud Proton 1 nucleus Neutron 1 -1 cloud nucleus

Now lets continue on with the lesson!
GOOD JOB! Number Mass Charge Location Electron -1 cloud Proton 1 nucleus Neutron Now lets continue on with the lesson!

Now for the lesson! Elements have varying numbers of subatomic particles (I.e different numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons), but hold a charge of zero in their neutral state. How do electrons move? Between orbitals! Each orbital can hold two electrons max (called electron pairing). Sometimes there are only one orbital to fill or there could be four, five or seven orbitals! WOAH!

Now for the lesson!

Information This is Bohr’s atomic model! We are going to play with it and move electrons around to create charged particles found in chemistry called Ions. Ions will be used to determine a lot of things later to learn in chemistry! Each circle on the outside is an orbital, lets see how this plays out when we add/take electrons! Orbitals like to be either full or empty! e H

Hydrogen H e Add electron Next Atom Take electron Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Hydrogen H 1 Common

Hydrogen + H+ Add electron Next Atom Ground state Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Hydrogen H +1 Common

Hydrogen - H- ee Next Atom Take electron Ground State Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Hydrogen H 2 -1 RARE

Lithium Li ee Add electron Next Atom e Take electron Previous Atom
Name Symbol Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Lithium Li 3 1 Common

Lithium + Li ee Add electron Next Atom Previous Atom Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Lithium Li 2 1 +1 Common

Lithium - Li- ee Next Atom ee Take electron Previous Atom Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Lithium Li 4 -1 RARE

Boron B ee Add electron e Next Atom ee Take electron Previous Atom
Name Symbol Electrons Orbitals to fill Orbitals to empty Charge Rarity Boron B 5 3 2 Common

Boron + B+ ee Add electron Next Atom ee Take electron Previous Atom
Name Symbol Electrons Orbitals to fill Orbitals to empty Charge Rarity Boron B 4 3 1 +1 uncommon

Boron +2 B+2 ee Add electron Next Atom e Take electron Previous Atom
Name Symbol Electrons Orbitals to fill Orbitals to empty Charge Rarity Boron B 3 4 1 +2 Common

Boron +3 B+3 ee Add electron Next Atom Previous Atom Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Orbitals to empty Charge Rarity Boron B 2 4 +3 Common

Boron -1 B ee ee Next Atom ee Take electron Previous Atom Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Orbitals to empty Charge Rarity Boron B 6 2 3 -1 RARE

Fluorine F e ee Add electron ee ee Next ee Take electron Previous Atom
Name Symbol Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Fluorine F 9 1 uncommon

Fluorine - F- ee ee ee ee Next ee Take electron Previous Atom Name
Symbol Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Fluorine F 10 -1 Common

Fluorine + F+ ee Add electron ee ee Next ee Previous Atom Name Symbol
Electrons Orbitals to fill Charge Rarity Fluorine F 8 1 +1 Not possible

Application Electricity is the movement of electrons through other atoms, usually metals! Think of how Benjamin Franklin was shocked by lightning, that was electrons! Pure water does not conduct, but add electrons moving and it will!

Complete the table to continue on
QUIZ TIME! Complete the table to continue on Ground charge Naturally occurring charge Number of electrons moved Hydrogen Lithium Boron Fluorine 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3

QUIZ TIME! Complete the table to continue on Ground charge Naturally occurring charge Number of electrons moved Hydrogen +1 Lithium Boron Fluorine 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3

QUIZ TIME! Complete the table to continue on Ground charge Naturally occurring charge Number of electrons moved Hydrogen +1 Lithium Boron +3 Fluorine 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3

QUIZ TIME! Complete the table to continue on Ground charge Naturally occurring charge Number of electrons moved Hydrogen +1 Lithium Boron +3 Fluorine -1 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3

QUIZ TIME! Complete the table to continue on Ground charge Naturally occurring charge Number of electrons moved Hydrogen +1 1 Lithium Boron +3 Fluorine -1 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3

QUIZ TIME! Complete the table to continue on Ground charge Naturally occurring charge Number of electrons moved Hydrogen +1 1 Lithium Boron +3 3 Fluorine -1 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3

GOOD JOB! Ground charge Naturally occurring charge
Number of electrons moved Hydrogen +1 1 Lithium Boron +3 3 Fluorine -1

Summary If given an atomic structure of an atom, be able to list: number of neutrons, protons, electrons, name of element, and/or charge If asked to draw Bohr’s model, be able to do so and list each component: nucleus, orbitals, and/or valence electrons CAN YOU DO IT?

References Periodic Table: http://www.ptable.com/
Alkali Metals in water: Conductive water video: Images Atom Table : Bohr’s Model: Next Arrow: Electron: Proton Particle: Neutron:

Walkthrough the Inside of an Atom

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