1. Gregory Rose ANCORS / CTCP University of Wollongong
New Legal Mechanisms to Promote Environmental Law Enforcement Cooperation
Gregory Rose
ANCORS / CTCP
University of Wollongong

2. Global Environmental Crime
Missing Bridge
Legal framework
Link two legal systems
Engagement across national borders to combat transnational environmental crime

3. Global Environment Protection
Treaties
1973 Endangered Species
1979 Migratory Species
1987 Ozone Layer
1989 Hazardous Waste
1992 Biodiversity
2001 Persistent Pollutants
UN Environment Programme

4. Transnational Organised Crime
Treaties
1988 Vienna Drug Trafficking
Counter-Terrorism
2000 Transnational Organised Crime & Protocols
2003 Corruption
UN Institutions
UNODC
Crime Comm & Congress
UNICRI

5. Transnational Environmental Harms
Pollution
Water pollution
Air pollution
Carbon accounting
Waste product shipment
Hazardous risk generation
Habitat destruction
Biodiversity
Wildlife
Logging
Fishing
Genetic resources
GMOs
Bio-contamination

6. Transnational Organised Crime
Convention Transnational Organised Crime
Serious organised transnational
Harmonisation
Participation, laundering, corruption, obstruction
Enforcement
Protocols
People Trafficking
People Smuggling
Arms Smuggling

7. Transnational crime fighting tools
New law enforcement tools to combat TOC
Against money laundering
Against obstruction of justice
Against crime groups
Against corruption
Mutual assistance Cooperation

8. Harmonise Criminality
Crime Treaties
NOT
proscribing acts of environmental harm
Environment Treaties
addressing criminal law mechanisms

9. International Cooperation
Minimal Cooperation
Crime Prevention
UN Comm. on Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice
2007 work focused on forest exploitation, 2012 wider focus
UN Congress
1995 meeting
Environment Protection
Treaties
General implementation
Interpol

10. New Environmental Crime Treaty
Convention on Transnational Org Crime
New Environment Protocol
Harmonise criminalisation
Cooperative enforcement
UN bodies partnership
Crime & Environment

11. Environmental Crime Harmonisation
Multilateral environmental treaty bases
Ozone, wildlife, fish, hazardous waste, etc
Predicate offences for anti-money laundering
Seizure of proceeds and share forfeited assets
Reciprocal criminalisation
Selected foreign environmental crimes
Corporate offenders
Criminal, fines, remediation, etc
Admission of evidence standards
Environmental monitoring technologies

12. Not International Crime
Breach of environmental treaty
Illegal non-compliance but not a crime
International humanitarian crime
Crime against humanity or war crime but not environmental

13. Conclusions Globalisation: Environmental harms &
Environmental protections
 Illegal activity &
Law enforcement

14. Thank You