1. By Any Means Necessary!!! Objectives:
US History
Objectives:
**Describe the division between MLK and the black power movement
**Describe the Hispanic Civil Rights movement
SOL – VUS.14
Timeline –

2. WHAT WAS THE EFFECT OF THE “I HAVE A DREAM SPEECH”?
WARM-UP
WHAT WAS THE EFFECT OF THE “I HAVE A DREAM SPEECH”?
The march helped influence public opinion to support civil rights legislation.
The march demonstrated the power of nonviolent, mass protest.

3. Civil Rights Splits in 2 MLK – slowly getting civil rights
Anti-MLK – frustrated by lack of real progress

4. The Watts Riot (August 11-15, 1965)
Poor L.A. (Los Angeles) black community
continued conflicts between police and citizens
a week of riots
34 killed
2,100 injured
4,000 arrested
$30 million in damages

5. 1967 Race Riots
Dozens of race riots in US cities

6. Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam (1925-1965)
Wanted blacks to separate from whites
Opposed to MLK’s approach

7. Malcolm X and the Pilgrimage to Mecca (April 1964)
Saw blacks and white together
Came back to USA w/ idea of working with whites
Assassinated (‘65)
“I have prayed with fellow Muslims whose eyes were blue, hair was blond, and skin was white”
-- Malcolm X

8. The Black Panthers (established 1966)
Formed to promote idea of “Black Power”
**cultural pride
**radical, militant, separatist

9. MLK (April 4, 1968)
Killed in Memphis
100+ race riots around USA

10. Robert Kennedy (June 6, 1968) Big supporter of Civil Rights
Ran for President (‘68)
Assassinated

11. Civil Rights Fades No leaders like MLK Vietnam takes over headlines
Jesse Jackson

12. Rise of the Hispanic Fastest growing ethnic minority 2010
46 million Hispanics
16% of US population

13. Cesar Chavez and Hispanic Civil Rights (1927-1993)
Leader - California Grape Pickers
led a farmers boycott (‘65 – ’70)
demanded union rights + better wages

14. Hispanic/Immigration Issues
Border? (Open Border or The Wall)
Citizenship to illegal immigrants ???
Fill low-paying jobs in USA
Bilingualism??? (both English + Spanish)
**street signs
**education / ESL

15. The Cuban Immigration Policy
The “Dry Feet” Rule
**if you come from Cuba and make it to
USA shore = freedom
Economic Boycott on Cuba
(October 1960 to present!!!!)

16. Historical Context
Throughout American history there has been a struggle among certain groups to gain equal access and opportunity to the American Dream. African-Americans have struggled for legal, political, and social equality since early colonial times.
After the Civil War, blacks were granted freedom, but were continually denied equal access and opportunity through legalized segregation. In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) the Supreme Court legalized the separation of blacks and whites in a variety of ways – in train cars, later interpreted to public places including schools. This ruling limited opportunities for African- Americans in education as did Jim Crow laws in employment and representation.
In 1954 the Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board of Education overturned legalized segregation in public schools. With the 1954 decision the Civil Rights Movement gained the legal foundation it needed to protest segregation in all areas of life in the United States.

17. Exit Ticket Question
Answer the following question based on your understanding of the historical context and the documents.
To what extent did the principles of democracy expand or contract during the Civil Rights Movement?