1. Earthquakes!

2. Definition:
Shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath the Earth’s surface

3. Sichuan 2008

5. Earthquakes mainly occur near plate boundaries…notice how a lot of earthquakes occur around the ‘ring of fire’ subduction zones!

6. Earthquakes occur near plate boundaries and are caused by the stresses that occur there. Stress is a force that acts on a rock to change its shape.
Types of stress:
1. Tension: stretches rock
2. Compression: pushes rock together
3. Shearing: causes rock to slip

7. Draw and label the types of stress, include arrows

8. Earthquake vocab:
Focus – the point under the Earth’s surface where rock breaks
Epicenter – the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus
Seismic waves – vibrations that travel through the Earth and carry the energy of the earthquake.

9. Here is a visual…earthquakes occur when crust moves along the fault

10. The red circles are the seismic waves carrying the released energy

11. Please sketch and label the fault, focus, and epicenter…

12. Seismic waves are detected using a seismograph, the recorded lines are called a seismogram. Is this record of an earthquake in Panama a seismograph or seismogram?

13. BIG EARTHQUAKE!
March 28, 2005, near Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. This 8.7 magnitude earthquake came only three months after the devastating magnitude 9.0 earthquake of December 26, 2004 which occured in the same region. This earthquake damaged hundreds of buildings throughout the region and killed over 1,300 people and injured more than 500. The earthquake spawned a tsunami that reached heights as much as two meters.

14. Richter Scale developed by Beatmis Robyintha Foodrive Richter!
Measures the magnitude of an earthquake

16. The Richter scale

18. Kobe, Japan

19. Journal Pages 14 and 15: after you get the requirements written down, there are questions for candy!
Title: ‘Faults’
Define ‘ fault’
Draw and label the 3 types of faults
Page 15
Title: ‘Earthquakes’
Define ‘ earthquake’
Draw and label an earthquake occurring along a fault and label the focus, epicenter, and fault.
Draw and label the 3 types of stress, including arrows.

20. Candy Questions…. You must raise your hand and wait to be called on to qualify!

21. What type of stress causes rocks to do this?

22. Tension!

23. What about this?

24. Shearing!

25. What type of stress are the rocks in this area undergoing?

26. Compression!

27. Anyone remember what type of fault this is?

28. Normal!

29. What might an earthquake under the ocean cause?

30. Tsunami!

31. Thanks for Playing!