1. Head, Neck and Back Injuries First Aid, Part Two

2. Signs and Symptoms of Head/Neck/Back Injuries
Severe pain in head/neck/back
Blood in the ears or nose
Tingling or loss of sensation in hands or feet
Loss of balance

3. Head neck and back injuries
Show video Caring for head neck and back injuries on land

4. Caring for Head/Neck/Back Injuries
1. Activate EAP
2. Assess victim’s condition
3. Safely enter water
4. Perform appropriate rescue
5. Move victim to shallow water
6. Check for consciousness/signs of life
7. Remove victim from water
8. Provide emergency care as needed

5. Head Splint Face down in shallow water who is at or near the surface
Use the victims arms to stabilize head
                                            

6. Head and Chin Support
Victim is face up or face down in deeper water (more than 3 feet)
Use one hand to support chin
Use the other hand to support the base of the skull

7. Using a Backboard Two lifeguards are needed for backboarding
Lifeguard one maintains in-line stabilization
Lifeguard two retrieves the backboard
Straps: Chest, hips, thighs

8. Head/Neck/Back Injuries
NEVER have the victim move their head if you suspect a head/neck/back injury
If they are on land, immobilize the head and call EMS right away

9. Miscellaneous First Aid
To stop bleeding: Apply direct pressure
Injured extremity: Leave it on the position you find it in
Allergic reaction: Monitor ABC’s and call EMS
Diabetic Emergency: Fruit juice
Internal bleeding: Rapid weak pulse, hard and swollen abdomen
Seizure in the water: Move to shallow water if necessary until seizure ends do not remove victim from the water