1. Cold War
USH 20: The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States.

2. Cold War a struggle for supremacy between Democracy v. Communism
the USA v. USSR

3. Post WWII economic disrepair destruction food shortages no money
Europe cannot repair itself

4. Truman Doctrine
The US would help any nation economically to stop the spread of communism
Containment
Directed toward Europe, but later extended to most of the world
NATO created

5. The Marshall Plan
help European nations financially to help Communism from taking over
What areas would want Communism?

6. China
Mao Zedong leads the Communists over the American backed Kai- shek

7. Korean War
Communist backed North Korea attacks independent South Korea
Under the policy of Containment the US intervenes and today the 38th Parallel is the border between North and South
No Peace treaty exists to this day

8. Sen. Joseph McCarthy used public fear to gain power
accuses many people of being communist sympathizers
many of these accusations were false

9. Cuban Revolution
Fidel Castro wants to overthrow a corrupt US- backed leader Batista
US has business interests: sugar and mafia
Castro wins and kicks Americans out
US issues trade embargo on Cuba

10. Bay of Pigs
Castro becomes a Communist and the US cannot allow Communism to expand
so the US wants to overthrow Castro
CIA trains nationalists for a coup
Coup fails miserably

11. Cuban Missile Crisis Castro went to the USSR for help
gains Soviet Nuclear Missiles
US will not attack with the threat of Nuclear weapons
Kennedy administration negotiates a truce to remove Nukes from Cuba for a removal of Nukes from Turkey

12. Vietnam Causes Vietnam was originally a French colony
Japan had taken over
after WWII, the Viet Minh (Communist) took over
Later the country split at the 17th parallel
The Domino Theory - Democracy cannot lose or else…

13. Vietnam War US started by only sending advisors Escalation
Gulf of Tonkin - N. Vietnamese (communists) attacked the USS Maddox
President Johnson orders an escalation of war

14. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Congress gave the President authorization to conduct military operations in SE Asia without formal declaration of war
Johnson increases troop involvement to over 500,000 men
China then helps N. Vietnam

15. Practice of War mostly a Guerilla style war US more advanced
Communists units used the Ho Chi Minh Trail to supply - runs through Laos and Cambodia
US would destroy lots of things even civilians

16. Victory? Gen. Westmoreland thought the US was on verge of victory
asked to increase military size
However, Communists were hiding in Laos and Cambodia
Communists go on the offensive - Tet Offensive
Did the US lie about victory?

17. Opposition to War
mostly students because of lottery to draft people into service
people burnt draft cards
Johnson Administration said the war was fine, however news showed different story
Kent State Massacre

18. Geography of Communism
Containment and Domino Theory
tried to stop the spread of Communism
the US had to build up a massive army and become involved in many nations affairs

19. What was the goal of the Marshall Plan of 1947?
A. to relax tensions with the Soviet Union and China
B. to aid the economic recovery of European nations
C. to rebuild the U.S. military after the defeat of Nazi Germany
D. to expand the U.S. highway system at the start of the Cold War

20. The change in governments in China and in North Korea after World War II concerned many Americans because
A. the new governments were communist.
B. those countries were allied with Germany.
C. they were no longer solid trading partners.
D. it threatened to end the U.S.'s Marshall Plan.

21. United States involvement in the Korean War was part of its policy of
A. containment.
B. isolationism.
C. Big Stick diplomacy.
D. mutual assured destruction

22. During the Korean War, the United Nations forces led by the United States succeeded in achieving their primary goal of
A. ending Communist rule in North Korea.
B. preventing South Korea from annexing North Korea.
C. preserving an anti-communist government in South Korea.
D. freeing Korea from Japanese control.

23. Ultimately, the Truman Doctrine was used to
A. justify massive spending on the U.S. space program.
B. fight the spread of communism.
C. prosecute Nazi war criminals.
D. create the United Nations.