1. Bridging the South Canadian
Federal Programs Better Oklahoma’s Transportation Infrastructure
Jen Jones, Architectural Historian, ODOT Cultural Resources Program

2. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016

3. Crossing the South Canadian
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Crossing the South Canadian
[Photograph B ], Photograph, 1938; ( : accessed May 23, 2016), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

4. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016

5. Private Toll Bridges Become Big Business
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Private Toll Bridges Become Big Business

6. Early Attempts at Bridges
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Early Attempts at Bridges

7. https://kbea831.wordpress.com/2009/11/09/travel-across-the-river/
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016

8. Garee Suspension Bridge--Noble
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Garee Suspension Bridge--Noble
Designed by C. E. Garee
Self-taught Engineer
Company Capitalized at $7,000
Central Span of 265 ft
Two 400 ft Approach Spans
Mules Drove Piles to Rock
2-22 ft Towers, 1 Rock, 1 Cement
9-10 hr shifts for $1/day
Over a year
Opened August 1898
Served for 5 years

9. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Billy Hocker Bridge
Photograph B ], Photograph, 1938; ( : accessed October 09, 2015), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.-

10. Billy Hocker Bridge Originally Applied January 1, 1892
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Billy Hocker Bridge
Originally Applied January 1, 1892
Construction Began July 10, 1899—Finished Sept. 29, 1899
Ambitious Plan
8 in Steel, Concrete-filled, Capped Piers
Wood Stringers & Deck
2 ft Thick Deck 9 ft Above High Water
4-8 hr Shifts—Electric Lights at Night
60 Teams Crossed Oct. 11, 1889
Toll Booth w/ Phone Each End 2 Day Collectors, 1 Night Tolls: Foot 5 cents Man on Horse 10 cents 1 Horse Vehicle 20 cents 2 Horse Vehicle 25 cents 4 Horse Vehicle 35 cents Bicycles 25 cents Livestock 5 cents each way Public Conveyance $1 month Passenger 5 cents each way

11. Floods Take Their Toll October 4, 1904 Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Floods Take Their Toll
October 4, 1904

12. Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge

13. Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge
-[Photograph B ], Photograph, 1938; ( : accessed October 09, 2015), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

14. Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge
Built by Central States Bridge Company of Kansas City, Mo
$65,000 Total Cost
$40,000 Raised by Dorset Carter through Sale of Bonds & Tickets
Begun in Early July-- Completed Dec. 11, 1911
16 ft Wide, ft Spans, ft Span, & 1-20 ft Span for Total Length of Over 3,400 ft
Parade, Bridge Queen & Court, Free BBQ, Judge Hocker
[Photograph B ], Photograph, n.d.; ( : accessed October 09, 2015), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

15. Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Lexington-Purcell Toll Bridge
1918 Tolls (Round Trip) 1 Horse Vehicle/2 Riders 20 cents Each Extra Person 5 cents Vehicle, Team, 2 riders < 1 ton 25 cents Each additional 500 lbs 5 cents Horse & Rider 10 cents Footman 5 cents Extra Stock, Per Head 5 cents Bicycle 10 cents Motorcycle 25 cents Automobile & Driver 25 cents Common Carrier $180/yr
1921 Tolls (One Way) Automobile & Riders 1 dollar Truck (1 ton or less) 1 dollar Truck (> 1 ton) 2 dollars Each Attached Trailer 1 dollar 2 Horse Vehicle & Riders 1 dollar 1 Horse Vehicle & Riders 75 cents Horse & Rider 10 cents Footman 5 cents Bicycle 10 cents Motorcycle 25 cents Stock Animals, Per Head 5 cents

16. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Toll vs Free

17. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Norman Bridge
Photograph B ], Photograph, n.d.; ( : accessed October 02, 2015), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

18. Norman Bridge Opens to Huge Fanfare
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Norman Bridge Opens to Huge Fanfare

19. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Norman Bridge
Built by Kansas City Bridge Company
$36,000-$38,000 Total Cost
Begun Dec Finished Sept.--Oct.1913
8-159 ft Through Spans
2,200 ft in Length, 16 ft Wide
2½” White Oak Deck 15 ft Above Normal Water Line
Piers 42” Steel, Concrete-filled Tubing with Solid Sheet of Metal from Top to Normal Waterline

20. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Federal Aid Road Act 1916
Provided $75 million
50%-50% Match
Up to 6% of Total Roads
Limit of $10,000/mile
5 Year Period
Focused First on Post Roads & Military Defense Roads
Managed by Bureau of Public Roads & Secretary of Agriculture
Followed by Federal Aid Highway Act of 1921
From , 261,000 miles Built at Cost of $5.31 billion with $3.17 billion from Federal Government & $2.14 billion from States
Became Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 1967

21. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Newcastle Bridge

22. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Newcastle Bridge
King, Cliff. [Photograph B ], Photograph, August 18, 1961; ( : accessed October 09, 2015), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

23. Newcastle Bridge Canadian Valley Bridge & Construction Company
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Newcastle Bridge
Canadian Valley Bridge & Construction Company
Originally Intended to Be 18 Span Concrete Arch
Olson & Magee of Kansas City
Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Company, Leavenworth, KS
$412,036.36—Final Cost ($ )
ft Spans
18 ft Wide
2,280 ft—Total Length

24. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Death of a Bridge

25. Changing Transportation Needs
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Changing Transportation Needs

26. The New Deal & Oklahoma Roads
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
The New Deal & Oklahoma Roads
Federal Emergency Relief Administration
Civil Works Administration
National Recovery Work Relief
Works Progress Administration

27. Political Games for Personal Gain
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Political Games for Personal Gain
Speaker of the House of Representatives of Oklahoma
Purcell Businessman

28. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
Proposed Alignments
Photograph B ], Photograph, 1936; ( : accessed May 23, 2016), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

29. New Lexington-Purcell Alignment
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
New Lexington-Purcell Alignment
-[Photograph B ], Photograph, n.d.; ( : accessed October 09, 2015), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

30. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
James Nance Bridge
 Photograph, 1938; ( : accessed May 23, 2016), Oklahoma Historical Society, The Gateway to Oklahoma History, crediting Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

31. James Nance Bridge Today
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
James Nance Bridge Today

32. James Nance Bridge Begun July 1, 1937—Finished Aug. 11, 1938
Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016
James Nance Bridge
Begun July 1, 1937—Finished Aug. 11, 1938
Guy H. James Construction Company
Over $600,000 Total Cost
ft Spans, ft Span, 2-50 ft Approaches
Total Length—3.642 ft
33 Spans 10 ft Tall--1 Span 20 ft Tall
Manganese Steel
$360,000 Federal Aid, $240,000 State, $100,000 WPA--$300,000 More than Needed

33. Bridging the South Canadian
June 2, 2016