1. Question 1:
An article is purchased for Rs. 450 and sold for Rs Find the gain percent.
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2. Solution: Gain = SP – CP = 500 – 450 = 50.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

3. Question 2:
A man sold a fan for Rs Find the cost price if he incurred a loss of 7%.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

4. Therefore, the cost price of the fan = (100/93)*465 = Rs. 500
Solution:
CP = [100 / (100 – Loss %)] * SP
Therefore, the cost price of the fan = (100/93)*465 = Rs. 500
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

5. Question 3:
In a transaction, the profit percentage is 80% of the cost. If the cost further increases by 20% but the selling price remains the same, how much is the decrease in profit percentage?
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

6. Then Profit = Rs. 80 and selling price = Rs. 180.
Solution:
Let us assume CP = Rs. 100.
Then Profit = Rs. 80 and selling price = Rs. 180.
The cost increases by 20% → New CP = Rs. 120, SP = Rs. 180.
Profit % = 60/120 * 100 = 50%.
Therefore, Profit decreases by 30%.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

7. Question 4:
A man bought some toys at the rate of 10 for Rs. 40 and sold them at 8 for Rs. 35. Find his gain or loss percent.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

8. Cost price of 10 toys = Rs. 40 → CP of 1 toy = Rs. 4.
Solution:
Cost price of 10 toys = Rs. 40 → CP of toy = Rs. 4.
Selling price of 8 toys = Rs. 35 → SP of toy = Rs. 35/8
Therefore, Gain = 35/8 – 4 = 3/8.
Gain percent = (3/8)/4 * 100 = 9.375%
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

9. Question 5:
The cost price of 10 pens is the same as the selling price of n pens. If there is a loss of 40%, approximately what is the value of n?
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

10. Let the price of each pen be Re. 1.
Solution:
Let the price of each pen be Re. 1.
Then the cost price of n pens is Rs. n and
the selling price of n pens is Rs. 10.
Loss = n-10.
Loss of 40% → (loss/CP)*100 = 40
Therefore, [(n-10)/n]*100 = 40 → n = 17 (approx)
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

11. Question 6:
A dishonest merchant sells his grocery using weights 15% less than the true weights and makes a profit of 20%. Find his total gain percentage.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

12. SP of 1 kg of bag = 120% of the true CP
Solution:
Let us consider 1 kg of grocery bag. Its actual weight is 85% of 1000 gm = 850 gm.
Let the cost price of each gram be Re. 1. Then the CP of each bag = Rs. 850.
SP of 1 kg of bag = 120% of the true CP
Therefore, SP = 120/100 * 1000 = Rs. 1200
Gain = 1200 – 850 = 350
Hence Gain % = 350/850 * 100 = 41.17%
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

13. Question 7:
A man bought two bicycles for Rs each. If he sells one at a profit of 5%, then how much should he sell the other so that he makes a profit of 20% on the whole?
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

14. Let the other profit percent be x. Then, our equation looks like this.
Solution:
Before we start, it’s important to note here that it is not 15% to be added to 5% to make it a total of 20%.
Let the other profit percent be x.
Then, our equation looks like this.
105/100 * [(100+x)/100] * 2500 = 120/100 * 5000 → x= 35.
Hence, if he makes a profit of 35% on the second, it comes to a total of 20% profit on the whole.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

15. Question 8:
A shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% on the marked price and still gains 17% on the whole. Find at what percent above the cost price did he mark his goods.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

16. Let the cost price be 100. Then SP = 117. Let the marked price be x.
Solution:
Let the cost price be 100. Then SP = 117.
Let the marked price be x.
So, 90% of x = 117 → x = 130.
Therefore, he marked his goods 30% above the cost price.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

17. The marked price of the article and
Question 9:
A shopkeeper offers a discount of 20% on the selling price. On a special sale day, he offers an extra 25% off coupon after the first discount. If the article was sold for Rs. 3600, find
The marked price of the article and
The cost price if the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 80% on the whole after all discounts are applied.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges

18. Let the marked price of the article be x.
Solution:
Let the marked price of the article be x.
First a 20% discount was offered, on which another 25% discount was offered.
So, 75% of 80% of x = 3600
75/100 * 80/100 * x = 3600 → x = 6000.
So the article was marked at Rs
Cost price of the article = [100/(100+80)]*3600 = Rs
It is important to note here that this DOES NOT equal to a 45% discount on the whole. When different discounts are applied successively, they CANNOT be added.
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Gajwani Schools & Colleges