1. Solutions Alliance 2016 Roundtable
Brussels, 9th and 10th February 2016

2. Somalia background
Almost a million refugees in Kenya, Ethiopia, Yemen and other affected states with majority in protracted displacement
Over one million IDPs in Somalia itself
IDP returns within Somalia are on-going
IDP local integration/self-reliance opportunities are increasing in some areas such as Puntland (Galkayo, Bossaso) and Somaliland (Hargeisa)
Situation is still volatile- government role is critical for nation building
No state building without solutions for millions of people still in displacement

3. Solution Alliance Somalia (SAS)
Created: In November 2014, Side-event on Durable Solutions to HLPF in Copenhagen and launched on 12th March 2015
Objectives: coordination of efforts towards durable solutions for Somali displaced and ensure that displacement issues are adequately and explicitly addressed in development plans
Core group members: Federal Government of Somalia, UNHCR, Danish Government, UNDP, World Bank, ReDSS (NGOs) - membership open to new actors
2015/2016 SAS focus: mainstream displacement perspective into development and work on the Solutions framework – 2nd high level event took place on January 29th with almost 100 participants
The Solution Alliance Somalia (SAS) is a coalition (a national chapter of the Global Solutions Alliance) bringing together actors to operationalize joint visions, ensure political will and economic support to find durable solutions for Somali’s displaced. SAS core group includes the Federal Government of Somalia, the World Bank, the Government of Denmark, UNHCR, UNDP and the Regional Durable Solutions Secretariat (ReDSS), which includes DRC, IRC, NRC and other NGOs working on Somali displacement. SAS membership is much larger and open to any actors willing to engage and contribute to durable solutions.
SAS members agreed that one of the first activities of the Alliance would be to develop a Durable Solutions Framework encompassing humanitarian, development and government perspectives on solutions to facilitate collaboration between organizations working on Somali displacement.
In March 2015, SAS held a technical workshop, which brought together staff from Government, UN agencies, donors and NGOs and resulted in the initial development of the Solutions framework that takes its foundation in already existing frameworks (the Federal Government of Somalia’s Peace and State Building Goals (PSG), the IASC framework on durable solutions for IDPs, UNHCR durable solutions framework and ReDSS solutions framework).
The World Bank’s result chains approach was used to articulate a logical methodology to sequence activities around solutions and to present already-existing indicators in a logical manner that incorporates the expertise of government, donors, development and humanitarian actors.
On 29th January 2016, the 2nd high level event on durable solutions for the Somali displaced took place that brought together almost 100 participants from government, development and humanitarian actors. The objective was to bring relevant stakeholders together to facilitate a common understanding on durable solutions for Somalia and specifically on the Solutions framework to agree on next steps and 2016 priorities.

4. Rationale and ambition for the Solutions framework
Takes its foundation in already existing solutions frameworks (IASC, ReDSS, UNHCR, Somali Compact PSGs..) – nothing new
To be used as an analytical and programmatic tool that presents already-existing indicators in a logical manner
To be used as a joint monitoring and evaluation tool to support coordination and to identify gaps (disaggregation of data to be able to compare within and between groups, to identify gaps and needs of displacement affected communities)
Provide a framework with common overall outcomes (minimum skeleton) and then detailed activities to be developed and adapted based on local/ regional context and needs
Rationale and ambition for the Results chains: it is an Analytical and programmatic tool
To be used as an analytical and planning tool to ensure alignment and complementarity between actors and sectors: the process must be viewed in light of the greater outcomes rather than from an agency mandate point of view- the overarching goal being to map displacement and solutions activities within the already existing humanitarian and development structures of Somalia.
To support coordination and to identify gaps- who does what where/ is one sector or location too crowded versus the need?
Coordinate the durable solutions activities among various actors
No duplication or objective to create a parallel system. This should be embedded in existing structures (Government: NDP and PSG working groups and RC/HC: ISF and HCP)
Ownership and leadership must come from RC/HC and the government
To be used as a joint monitoring and evaluation tool (desegregation of data will be key, to be able to compare within groups and between groups to identify gaps and needs (IDPs, refugees, returns…)
The objective is to have an holistic community lens so indicators are about ‘displacement affected communities’ which also includes host communities.
It allows different actors to use similar indicators and to contribute to the same outcomes/ measure the same impacts despite different working entry points (humanitarian versus development, etc).
It provides good quality indicators and an agreed “theory of change” of the various interventions.
It complement the ISF and the PSGs that are at the outcomes level with milestones only by providing intermediate outcomes and outputs levels- so more details indicators.

5. Innovative, transformational and replicable
RESULTS CHAINS
FOCAL LEAD
1. Participation in public affairs and reconciliation initiatives
PSG 1: Inclusive Politics
FGS/UNDP
2. Physical protection of Displaced [Demining, DDR, Security Sector Support (police)]
PSG 2: Security
FGS/DRC/DDG
3. Legal Protection of Displaced
PSG3: Justice
FGS/ UNHCR/ Legal Action Worldwide
4. Restoration of housing, land and property
PSG 3: Justice
FGS/UNHCR/ NRC
5. Equal Access to economic opportunities
PSG 4: Economic Foundations
6. Access to basic services and safety nets
PSG 5: Revenue and Services
FGS/World Bank
ReDSS
INNOVATIVE: the result chains bring humanitarian, development and government activities on solutions under a single results framework, with common indicators, allowing for joint monitoring and evaluation. Though joint strategies have certainly been previously developed in other contexts, the results chains represent a unique way of aligned planning and monitoring in a holistic and comprehensive manner.
TRANSFORMATIONAL: The results chains will speak to all actors exploring different approaches to durable solutions in support of physical, legal and material safety. It will also seek to catalyze new ideas and partnerships that can be realized on the ground and specific attention will be given to incorporate the private sector rules of engagement. Most importantly, the results chains provide a single methodology by which actors can gauge progress towards durable solutions and allow disaggregation between activities and sectors.
REPLICABLE: The solutions framework approach has the potential to be applied to different regions of the world which would allow for cross learning, sharing of practices, and comparison in approaches to durable solutions in protracted displacement contexts (Afghanistan, Syria, South Sudan, etc.). This could inform a larger (global) lessons learned analysis.

6. Next step: mainstream displacement perspective into development and operationalize the result chains
Objective: to test how such a framework can bring positive results in terms of gathering information from multi stakeholders and multi sectors solutions oriented programming
Further consultations and discussions within both development and humanitarian aid architectures at 2 levels : leadership and technical (Peace and State building Goals -PSG working groups, National Development Plan, ISF, clusters…)- including community engagement and local actors/ local solutions
Government to advise on where to pilot it in conjunction with existing initiatives to ensure participation and alignment from both development and humanitarian actors
Objective: to bring and mainstream displacement perspective into development and New Deal/ NDP planning
as a guidance for solutions programing
as an analytical and planning tool to support coordination between actors and sectors
as a joint monitoring and evaluation tool to identify gaps and needs (desegregation of data, comparable analysis within and in between communities, etc.)
to ensure convergence between existing initiatives
Discussion and presentation of the SAS and the Solutions framework to the PSGs will be the top priority to ensure to ensure that displacement issues are adequately and explicitly addressed across the full gamut of programming under PSGs 1-5. 
The government will advise on where to pilot it in conjunction with the EU RDPP initiative, with the IDP Solutions Initiative, with Return initiative, etc to ensure participation from both development and humanitarian actors.

7. Recruitment of a consultant that will focus on:
mapping the current system to provide guidance on how best integrate the result chain in the existing development and humanitarian structures
developing a monitoring and evaluation/ information system including a standard data protocol to support disaggregation of data for better targeting/ coordination and monitoring of impacts
Benchmarks and trends might need to be developed in the place of baseline
This is a framework for collecting information on what is being done, and where. So step one is to do a data disaggregation system that all agree on and will utilize, to be able to feed in the information on who is reached by each intervention.
This would mean that between the UNDPs consultant supporting the IDPs Solution Initiative (Walter Kaelin) and WB solutions framework, there would be a very strong consolidated effort to take forward strategic efforts in a coordinated manner and with reference to the SAS work. It would be important if timing and TORs were aligned/complementary as that could create a team with real ‘game changing’ potential.
The TORs for the two UN consultants should speak directly to the Guidance for Solutions Strategies recently released from the Early Recovery Cluster, which holds heavy reference to the IASC framework.

8. SAS challenges
Role of SAS members not very clear and need to update ToR and workplan including how new members can join
Need resources to support SAS Secretariat function
Regional approach needed for the Somali displacement
Bring in community voices and national/ local actors
Need stronger relation and planning between national and global alliance to maximize influencing and advocacy opportunities
Various ongoing initiatives
Long term and slow process
Creating durable solutions requires a multi-sectoral, rights and needs based programming approach as well as strong coordination and leadership from the government and the RC/HC office to bring together humanitarian and development actors.
Key issues:
Localization of aid and support to local solutions.
Community engagement and holistic displacement affected community approach are key.
Urban solutions
Policy framework
Various initiatives: EU RDPP initiative, IDP Solutions Initiative, Return initiative, etc

9. Political momentum nationally, regionally and globally
Opportunities
Political momentum nationally, regionally and globally
Investment from the development actors
Strong leadership from the government
SAS could provide a platform to coordinate the various initiatives
Lots of interests from humanitarian and development actors to engage on durable solutions
Specific support required from the SA global thematic Groups moving forward: private sector and data management
Political will and longer term investment from development actors are critical to find durable solutions for displacement affected communities in Somalia.
The inclusion of displacement and durable solutions in the National Development Plan is key for this. It also requires the direct engagement of displacement affected communities to ensure their ownership and support, in order to make these solutions lasting, locally relevant and feasible.

10. Perspectives from SAS members
FGS
Danish Embassy
UNHCR
UNDP
World Bank
ReDSS