1. Chapter 8 Unit 2 National Geographic – in the womb
Prenatal Development
Chapter 8
Unit 2
National Geographic – in the womb

2. Bell Ringer
What are some things that you already know about how a baby develops during pregnancy?

3. Ovulation
The mature ovum (egg) is released by the ovary about once a month.
The egg travels through the fallopian tube where it is either fertilized by the male reproductive cell (within 24 hrs) or passed out of the uterus during menstruation
Count backwards 14 days from when your next period is supposed to start, and that is when you should be ovulating

4. Conception
Day 1
Male and female reproductive cells unite

5. Octo Mom Prenatal Development 37-42 week
Count from the first day of your last period
Divided into 3 Trimesters
Octo Mom

6. First trimester 3 Forms of Pregnancy Zygote Embryo Fetus 1-13 Weeks
Size goes from a pin head to about 3 inches

7. Period of the Zygote
First two weeks before the fertilized egg reaches the uterus
Starts as a single cell but divides to about 500 cells that form a tiny, fluid filled ball
Zygote grows to be about the size of a pin head

8. Period of the Embryo Week 1-9 video
From the time of implantation into the uterine wall through about the eighth week of pregnancy (2 weeks to 2 months)
Three layers of cells form:
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Week
1-9 video

9. Three Layers of Cells Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm
Outer layer of cells that become the skin, hair, and nails. Also forms the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Mesoderm
Middle layer that becomes the bones, muscles, blood vessels, and some internal organs such as the heart, kidneys, and reproductive organs
Endoderm
Internal cell layer, eventually becomes the other internal organs such as the stomach, liver, and lungs

10. Embryo
- The embryo grows rapidly during this time and several important and amazing changes occur:
-Major organs form(heart, lungs, bones, muscles. These are not ready to function yet and will continue to develop.
Amniotic sac and fluid formed
Attachments of umbilical cord to uterus
Midway through the first trimester the embryo has grown to the size of a small raisin, 2 more weeks a grape

11. The Support System Amniotic Fluid Placenta Umbilical cord
Fills the protective amniotic sac which cushions the developing baby from outside pressures
Placenta
Attached to the uterine wall and contains a network of blood vessels
Umbilical cord
Connects the baby to the placenta through which blood flows carrying nutrients and oxygen. Also carries wastes from the baby.

12. First Month Cell multiplication begins Egg attaches to uterus lining
The heart, which is no larger than a poppy seed, has begun beating.

13. First Month

14. Two Months
The embryo is about ¼” inch long and has distinct, slightly webbed fingers.
Veins are clearly visible.
The heart has divided into right and left chambers.
Bones begin to form
Development of internal organs
The embryo is attached to the mother by the umbilical cord.

15. Two Months

16. Period of the Fetus
Fetus is the third and last period of pregnancy.
Begins about the eighth week (end of 2 months) and lasts until birth.
Fetus is “Young One” in Latin because the fetus resembles a miniature baby that has everything it needs, but still needs time to develop and mature before birth.

17. The Fetus 9 weeks until birth
At the beginning major organs are present but still forming
The heartbeat flutters rapidly
Bones begin to form and muscles start to develop
Week 10-14

18. Fetus 12 weeks

19. Three Months By now the fetus is 1 inch long and is fully formed.
All organs and muscles have formed but are immature.
Eye lids fused.
Fingers and toes almost complete

20. The end of the First Trimester
3 inches long and weighs about 1 ounce
Ears and eyes move close to their final positions
The liver produces bile and kidneys produce urine
The fetus can open and close its moth and form tiny fists

21. Second Trimester 4 to 6 months
Grow to 2 pounds during this time period
Eyebrows and eyelashes appear
Lanugo
Fine hair covers the fetus’s skin
Fat tissue forms
Video Week 21-27

22. Second Trimester Quickening Prenatal thumb sucking (5 months)
Fetus can move around and kick
Mother begins to feel these movements
Prenatal thumb sucking (5 months)

23. 2nd trimester Lungs “breath” and swallow amniotic fluid
Taste, touch, smell, sight and hearing develop
Fetus can hear sounds including mothers heartbeat
Eyes open and close
18-20 weeks can determine a baby’s sex
15 to 20 weeks

24. Four Months Fetus is 3 inches long
Can suck thumb, swallow, hiccup and move.
Facial features are clearer.

25. 4 months

26. Five Months Fetus is 8-10” long weighing almost a pound.
Lanugo develops
Fetus is more active
Hair, eyelashes, and eybrows appear

27. Six Months
Baby's lungs are filled with amniotic fluid, and he has started breathing motions.
If you talk or sing, he can hear you.
Fat deposits under skin
Vernix develops

28. 6 Months

29. Third Trimester 7th-9th month Fetus triples its weight
Vital fat tissue
Brain and systems continue to develop
Fetus sleeps and may dream
The bones of the skull are still somewhat soft to allow the fetus to pass through the birth canal
Video Weeks

30. Seven Months
By the end of the seventh month, your baby weighs about 1 1/2 -2lbs and is about inches long.
Fetus is active, then rests.

31. 7 Months

32. Eight Months
Your baby is gaining about half a pound per week, and layers of fat are piling on.
He has probably turned head-down in preparation for birth.
Fetus may react to noise with jerking actions.

33. 8 months

34. Nine Months
Your baby is a hefty 6 to 9 pounds and measures between 19 and 22 inches. As he becomes more crowded, you may feel him move around less.
Disease-fighting antibodies are taken in from mother’s blood
Fetus “drops” into pelvis and is ready for birth

35. 9 Months Called Lightening
The lungs develop in preparation fro breathing and the head is now head-down. The last few weeks, the baby “drops” in preparation for delivery – giving the mother a little breathing space.
Called Lightening
9 Months

36. Almost time! Birth weight of 7.5 pounds is average
Head accounts for ¼ weight

38. Pregnancy is broken up into Trimesters
FIRST Trimester (1-3 Months)
Ovum (a female egg)
Zygotic & Embryonic period of Development
When all organs, nerve and brain cells Develop
SECOND Trimester (4-6 Months)
“Golden Trimester” when Mother feels the best
Third Trimester (7-9 Months)
Baby’s organs and body systems mature
Baby gains weight

39. “Where I Started” Booklet
Crafty & Creative Time!
“Where I Started”
Booklet

40. Activity Using your notes and page 172 of your text Make flash cards
1 side describe the fetus at various stages
1 side have 1st, 2nd, or 3 trimester
Include a specific time frame: ie 1-2 weeks, 8 months etc.

41. From the mom’s view

42. Developing Child page 145
Jot down the effects on the mom month by month
Fill in any missing info you have on the babies side

43. Journal
What are some new facts you have learned about prenatal development?

44. Prenatal Time Line
Choose one month of prenatal development to describe (mothers perspective as well)
Bullet point maid developments
At least 2 images