1. Lecture 11: Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes and Ketones
Chemistry - SPRING 2016
Course lecturer :
Jasmin Šutković
18 th May 2016

2. Contents Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers Properties of Alcohols
International University of Sarajevo
Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers
Properties of Alcohols
Naming of Alcohols
Ethers as anesthetics
Aldehydes and Ketones
Naming of Ald. and Ket.
Some important Ald. and Ket.

3. Introduction
Functional groups – organic compounds with oxygen and sulfur atoms
Anesthetics- Diethyl ether
Aldehydes as perfumes
Alcohols as beverages (drings) and desinfectants

4. Alcohols
In an alcohol, the functional group known as a hydroxyl group (¬OH) replaces a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon.

5. Phenols
In a phenol, the hydroxyl group replaces a hydrogen atom attached to a benzene ring.

6. Naming and Isomers

8. Naming - example

10. Thiols
A thiol contains a sulfur atom, shown in yellow-green in the ball-and-stick model, which makes a thiol similar to an alcohol except that ¬OH is replaced by an ¬SH group.

15. Ethers
In an ether, the functional group consists of an oxygen atom which is attached to two carbon atoms (¬O¬)

16. Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones contain a carbonyl group that consists of a carbon–oxygen double bond with two groups of atoms attached to the carbon at angles of 120°.

17. Naming of Aldehydes
In the IUPAC system, an aldehyde is named by replacing the e of the corresponding alkane name with al.

19. Naming of Ketones
In the IUPAC system, the name of a ketone is obtained by replacing the e in the corresponding alkane name with one.

20. Example naming

22. Properties of Ald. and Ket.
Aldehydes and ketones contain a polar carbonyl group (carbon–oxygen double bond), which has a partially negative oxygen atom and a partially positive carbon atom.
Because the electronegative oxygen atom forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules, aldehydes and ketones with one to four carbons are very soluble.

26. INFORMATION FOR PROJECTS
Next Monday (second hour) presentations starts!
4 Groups will present!
Each presentation max 8 minutes + 2 minutes questions!
The groups who will present the 23th May will be informed by end of this day.