2. phylum Chlorophyta –Chlamydomonas
a single-celled, flagellated green algae

3. phylum Chlorophyta
filamentous colony growth form
a single cell

6. Phylum – Brypphyta – Polytrichum sp.

7. phylum Hepaticophyta - liverworts

8. Relationship between gametophyte and sporophyte in nonvascular plants (a), seedless vascular plants (b), and seed plants (c)

9. Pteridophyta - Life Cycle
Kingdom – Plantae
Ch. 27. p. 576.
Pteridophyta - Life Cycle

10. plant life cycles compared I – the homosporous life cycle (nonvascular plants, most seedless vascular plants)
released and
disseminated
spore
growth by mitosis
meiosis
gametophyte
haploid
sporangium
mature
sporophyte
archegonia
antheridia
diploid
egg
growth by mitosis
sperm
embryo
zygote
fertilization

11. phylum Cycadophyta - cycads Dioecious

12. Phylum Ginkgophyta - the ginkgo tree – Gingko biloba

13. Phylum – Coniferophyta (Pinophyta) female pine cone

14. cluster of male pine cones

15. parts of complete flower
male parts
female parts

16. monocots vs. dicots – the leaves
monocot leaf
monocot leaf
dicot leaves
petiole

17. monocots vs. dicots – the seeds

18. structure of a dicot seed - notice the two cotyledons

19. monocot vs. dicot stem c/s
xylem
phloem
conducts water and dissolved minerals
conducts dissolved sugars
monocot stem
vascular bundles
dicot stem

20. 6 main animal clades based on molecular
Animals - Ch 30, 31 & 32
p. 635.
6 main animal clades based on molecular
data
Parazoa, Radiata, Biradiata,
Lophotrochozoa,
Ecdysozoa,
Deuterostomia

21. Phylum PORIFERA -sponges
specialized cells but no tissues
sessile as adults
no nervous system, no muscles
plankton filter feeders
skeleton consists of spongin and inorganic spicules

22. class ANTHOZOA – sea anemones

23. The two body forms in the Cnidaria
The Polyp is sessile with tentacles oriented upwards and outwards:
sea anemone
corals
Hydra
The Medusa is
free-swimming
with tentacles dangling
downwards:
- jellyfish

24. Class - CESTODA scolex proglottid (not segments) hooks acetabula
(suckers)
hooks

25. class HIRUDINEA - leeches

26. class BIVALVIA freshwater mussell oysters giant clam of the
great barrier reef

28. class CEPHALOPODA
cuttlefish
octopus
squid
chambered
nautilus

29. many nematodes are parasaites of humans and other vertebrates
heartworm
hookworms
whipworms
filarial worms

30. Subphylum – Chelicerata Arachnida
walking legs
4 pairs of walking legs
2 tagmata (cephalothorax + abdomen)
pedipalps
chelicerae (=“fangs”)
antennae absent
pedipalps
chelicerae
abdomen
cephalothorax

31. subphylum - Hexapoda Insecta
3 pairs of walking legs
Wings usually present
3 tagmata (head + thorax + abdomen)
1 pair of antennae

32. Deuterostomes – Phylum - Echininodermata
Animals - Ch 29, 30 & 31 p
Deuterostomes – Phylum - Echininodermata
Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea
Holothuroidea
Crinoidea

33. Echinoderms – Hydraulic/water vascular system – locomotion, feeding
Animals - Ch 29, 30 & 31
p. 670.
Stomach
Digestive
gland
Ampulla
Gonad
Anus
Tube feet
Spine
Dermal gill
Pedicellariae
5 mm
Echinoderms – Hydraulic/water vascular system – locomotion, feeding
and gas exchange

34. Deuterostomia – Phylum – Chordata
Animals - Ch 29, 30 & 31 pp
Deuterostomia – Phylum – Chordata
Lancelet - Amphioxus sp.
Mouth
Brain
Dorsal, tubular
nerve cord
Notochord
Postanal tail
Muscular segments
Anus
Intestine
Pharyngeal
(gill) slits
Heart
Pharynx
Endostyle – Mucus secreting pharyngeal groove (thyroid is a derivative)
– Sixth chordate character

35. Animals - Ch 29, 30 & 31 p

36. The AMNIOTES – reptiles, birds, mammals – terrestrial vertebrates with extra membranes around the embryo – the amnion, chorion, shell membrane, and shell – allows eggs to be laid on land

37. Class REPTILIA is polyphyletic

38. class MAMMALIA is monophyletic
this fossil synapsid has a mix
of reptile and mammal features
killer whale
cheetahs
wooly mammoth
Homo erectus