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Grammar Chapter 2 7th/8th Grade
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
Words that name: A person A place A thing An idea
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
Write your own… Persons Sister, player, children Places Park, zoo, school, city Things Magazine, peach, car Ideas Honesty, truth, progress
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
COMMON NOUN PROPER NOUN Names any person, place, thing or idea Names a particular person, place, thing or idea
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
COMMON NOUN PROPER NOUN Names any person, place, thing or idea Names a particular person, place, thing or idea
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
PROPER NOUNS The first word and all other important words are capitalized Edgar Allen Poe The Great Gatsby Statue of Liberty Eleanor of Aquataine Las Vegas Ms. Steele
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
COMMON NOUNS Aren’t capitalized Can be either concrete or abstract Concrete Nouns – you can see or touch Abstract Nouns – names ideas, qualities or feelings that can’t be seen or touched
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
COMMON NOUNS PROPER NOUNS ABSTRACT CONCRET truth document The Declaration of Independence courage crown Queen Elizabeth I time snow December history museum Museum of Modern Art education school Legacy Prep Academy friendship Friend Jessica
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
COMPOUND NOUNS Can be one word Storybook, housekeeper, bookmark, teammate Or more than one word Ice cream, post office, dining room, maid of honor Or joined by hyphens Runner-up, sister-in-law, walkie-talkie
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Chapter 2.1 Kinds of Nouns – Common/Proper
Quizlet Practice:
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Chapter 2.2 Singular and Plural Nouns
SINGULAR NOUNS Name one person, place, thing or idea PLURAL NOUNS Names more than one person, place, thing or idea
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USUALLY CHANGE F TO V AND ADD –S OR –ES
NOUNS ENDING WITH TO FORM PLURAL EXAMPLES S, Z, CH, SH, X ADD –ES bus buzz box buses buzzes boxes O after a vowel ADD –S rodeo studio radio rodeos studios radios O after a consonant USUALLY ADD –ES SOMETIMES ADD –S hero potato echo heroes potatoes echoes zero photo piano zeroes photos pianos Y after a vowel day turkey toy days turkeys toys Y after a consonant CHANGE Y TO I AND ADD –ES city diary penny cities diaries pennies F or fe USUALLY CHANGE F TO V AND ADD –S OR –ES SOMETIMES ADD -S wife leaf half wives leaves halves roof chief belief roofs chief beliefs
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Chapter 2.2 Singular and Plural Nouns
COLLECTIVE NOUNS Names a group of people, animals or things Team, family, herd, etc.
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Chapter 2.2 Singular and Plural Nouns
COLLECTIVE NOUNS Can sometimes go with a singular or plural verb, depending on how the noun is acting ACTING AS A SINGLE UNIT = SINGULAR VERB ACTING SEPARATELY = PLURAL VERB
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Chapter 2.2 Singular and Plural Nouns
COLLECTIVE NOUNS ACTING AS A SINGLE UNIT = SINGULAR VERB The team shares the field with its opponent. ACTING SEPARATELY = PLURAL VERB The team share their jokes with one another.
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Chapter 2.2 Singular and Plural Nouns
Quizlet Practice:
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Chapter 2.3 Possessive Nouns
Show ownership or possession Tells who or what has something Rita’s book James’ kite
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Chapter 2.3 Possessive Nouns
HOW TO FORM SINGULAR NOUNS & PLURAL NOUNS THAT DON’T END IN –S Add ‘s to the end A girl’s name Germany’s exports The bus’s capacity Ms. Ames’s class
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Chapter 2.3 Possessive Nouns
PLURAL NOUNS ENDING IN -S Add ‘ to the end Babies’ birth weight the Joneses’ car Birds’ beaks Classes’ clocks
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Chapter 2.4 Recognizing Plurals, Possessives and Contractions
Most plural nouns, all possessive nouns and some contractions end with an –s sound They can sound alike, but their meanings are DIFFERENT
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Chapter 2.4 Recognizing Plurals, Possessives and Contractions
A contraction is a word made by combining two words and leaving out one or more letters (shown by an apostrophe) It’s (it is) Can’t (can not) Don’t (do not)
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Chapter 2.4 Recognizing Plurals, Possessives and Contractions
EXAMPLE MEANING Plural Noun The students wrote the play. More than one studen Plural Possessive Noun The students’ play is good. The play by several students Singular Possessive Noun I saw the student’s performance. The performance of one student Contraction This student’s the author. This student’s written other plays. This student is the author. This student has written other plays.
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Chapter 2.4 Recognizing Plurals, Possessives and Contractions
Quizlet Practice:
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AN APPOSITIVE Chapter 2.5 Appositives
a noun that is placed next to another noun to identify or add information about it, usually set off with commas James Madison’s wife, Dolley, was a famous first lady. (The noun Dolley identifies wife. Dolley is the appositive)
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Madison, our fourth president, held many offices.
Chapter 2.5 Appositives AN APPOSITIVE PHRASE Is a group of words that includes an appositive and other words that modify the appositive and are usually set off with commas Madison, our fourth president, held many offices. (The words our and fourth modify president, which is the appositive because it identifies Madison)
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Chapter 2.5 Appositives Our fourth president, Madison held many offices. Many historians have studied the life of Madison, our fourth president. Madison’s friend Thomas Jefferson was president before Madison. Madison’s father, James Madison, was a plantation owner.
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Chapter 2.5 Appositives Quizlet Practice:
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