1. Bellwork Question How can we advocate to fix problems in our society today?

2. Learning Targets
I can analyze primary source photographs in order to explain my understanding of societal problems during the 1900’s in my written responses
I can identify an existing problem in Rochester, NY and create a short term and long term goal to help fix the current problem

3. Societal problem-Tenements
Poorly built, overcrowded apartment buildings. They were prone to disease, fire, crime, and had high child mortality rates.
Jacob Riis
The first photographer to expose the horrible conditions in tenements
Tenement life in New York City in the 1900s. Photograph by Jacob Riis.

4. Tenement Living

5. Societal Problem Sweatshops
Sweatshops-Workplaces with long hours and unhealthy working conditions
Immigrants, women and children mainly worked in sweatshops

6. Societal Problem-Child Labor
Textile Mills
Many of the children would not have shoes to wear and got cuts and splinters in their feet. The managers walked around with knifes to cut the splinters out of the children's feet.
Another hazard was that children would stand on the machines to switch empty bobbins of cotton fiber and fix broken machinery, which could result in losing a limb or becoming crippled for life.
Seafood Workers-Shrimp pickers, including little 8-year-old Max on the right. Biloxi, Mississippi

7. Societal Problem- Child Labor
The Mill: The overseer said apologetically, "She just happened in." She was working steadily. The mills seem full of youngsters who "just happened in" or "are helping sister." Newberry, South Carolina.
Newsies: Michael McNelis, age 8, a newsboy [seen with photographer Hine]. This boy has just recovered from his second attack of pneumonia. Was found selling papers in a big rain storm. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
African American boy selling The Washington Daily News - sign on his hat reads, "Have you read The News? One cent" - headline reads "Millionaire tax rends G.O.P.", 1921

8. Societal Problem- Child Labor
Glass Industry
Children worked near the furnace, which reached temperatures of 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit. The children who worked in the glass industry would suffer cuts on their feet from broken glass.
They would get stiff necks, pneumonia, eye trouble caused by furnace glare, burns by tools, tracheal damages caused by fumes and dust, and skin irritations.
Coal Mines The children who worked in the mines were boys, and they only received cents a day.
Many accidents occurred in the mines, such as cave-ins, hand accidents would cause crushed or broken fingers.
Miners would inhale dust and that led to lung diseases

9. Societal Problem- Lack of Safety Laws
Lunch atop a Skyscraper (New York Construction Workers Lunching on a Crossbeam) is a famous photograph taken in 1932 by Charles C. Ebbets during construction of the RCA Building at Rockefeller Center.

10. Societal Problem- Lack of Safety Laws
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory- March 25, 1911 Fire broke out on the 8th floor and the doors had been chained and locked to keep the workers inside.
Most workers were young immigrant women.
146 workers died who either burned alive or jumped to their deaths.
Deadliest industrial fire

11. Triangle Factory Fire, NY
Societal Problem- Lack of Safety Laws
Triangle Factory Fire, NY
The Morgue: Families trying to identify bodies
After the Triangle Fire disaster, the state of New York created a Factory Investigating Commission to study safety, sanitation, wages, hours and child labor in places like sweatshops, canneries, and bakeries

12. Closure Identify an existing problem in Rochester, NY and create a short term and long term goal to help fix the problem
Existing problem in our society Rochester NY is…
My short term goal to help fix the problem…
My Long term goal to help fix the problem… :
What forms of mass culture were available in urban areas?