1. Changes in Indian Policy
The Indian Wars:
Changes in Indian Policy
Wayne Davidson M.Ed
Da Vinci School for Science and the Arts

2. American Indian Relations
Early 1860s: Indian raids common.
Frontier open to attack as men and soldiers fight in Civil War
Plains Indians see opportunity for westward expansion

3. American Indian Relations
Federal troops arrive at end of war
Not enough troops to go around
October 1865: Federal commissioners negotiate peace treaty

4. American Indian Relations
Treaty of the Little Arkansas- Treaty under which Comanche & Kiowa leaders agreed to settle on a Panhandle reservation
Reservation was never created

5. American Indian Relations
Kiowa & Comanche renew attacks
People move to safer areas
Frontier line pushed back east

6. American Indian Relations
During the 1860s the frontier in Texas sometimes fell back under pressure from American Indian raids

7. The Treaty of Medicine Lodge
1867: Federal government attempts to negotiate a new treaty
Treaty of Medicine Lodge- Agreement of 1867 that required the Plains Indians to move onto a reservation in the Indian Territory

8. The Treaty of Medicine Lodge
Terms (U.S. Government):
Gifts of blankets, clothing, & weapons
3 million acres for reservation in Indian Territory
Buildings, tools, & money

9. The Treaty of Medicine Lodge
Terms (Indians):
Stop raiding
Stay on reservations
Take up farming

10. The Treaty of Medicine Lodge
Satanta-Kiowa leader who refused to accept reservation life and died in prison
Satanta

11. The Treaty of Medicine Lodge
Some Indians honored the treaty, others remained determined to roam the plains

12. The Peace Policy
1869: President Grant established Board of Indian Commissioners
Quakers-Members of the Society of Friends, some of whom became Indian agents to help prevent war

13. The Peace Policy
Government hoped Indians would make living by farming.
Reservation life was difficult and food was often scarce.
The areas that were given for the reservations had very poor soil.

14. The Peace Policy Government food supplies insufficient
Goods sent by government were illegally sold and never arrived
Buffalo hunters entered reservations