1. Food Web Discussion
Valuable Ecosystem Components for Beaufort and Chukchi Seas
Effects of circulation on food web and VECs
III-

2. Fate and Transport Discussion
How does fate impact dispersed oil evaluations?
Considerations
Dispersed oil constituents present
Time period for constituents
Pelagic species affected
Biodegradation potential
Rate of degradation vs toxicity

3. Test Species Discussion
Arctic species (or surrogate)
Important link in the pelagic food web
Community approach
Several species from different phyla
Life stage
Sensitivity to dispersed petroleum
Existing methodology
Amenable to handling and arctic test conditions
Readily available
Appropriate endpoints
Performance standards

4. Potential Test Species
Methods
Sensitivity
Arctic cod √
Herring juv. +
Capelin juv.
Saffron cod
Arctic cisco - juveniles
Dolly varden -subadults
Pink salmon
Sculpin

5. Species
Methods
Sensitivity
C. finmarchicus √
C. hyperborialis
C. glacialis
Tanner crab
Mysid
Gammarus spp.
Onisimus littoralis
Clams -
Sea urchins +
Phytoplankton

6. Test Method Discussion
Testing
Temperature (5 deg) and Salinity (28 – 30)
Exposure Type and Duration (SPIKE)
Duration remains an issue
Oil-Dispersant Preparations
WAF and CE-WAF (25% Vortex)
Variable Loading vs Serial Dilution
Mixing Energy, Duration, Light (no UV)
Physical Conditions (same as test)
Oil:dispersant (20:1)and Oil:water Ratio (200:1)
Droplets (try to measure?)
Weathering (No)
Chemical Analyses (broad suite)

7. Testing Strategy & Process Discussion
Can the results of the laboratory studies confidently predict what will happen in the field?
Which compartments to address
Role of Transport Modeling
Exposure and Duration
Analytical Chemistry
Using Arctic Appropriate Testing Conditions
Interaction of biodegradation and toxicity
What criteria should be used to assess the data?
How much data is required for assessment?