1. Chapter 7: Human Reproduction
Mrs. Karen Swope
Family and Consumer Science
Columbain High School

2. Human Reproduction
Bringing together cells from the male and female to create a third living organism
Male sex cell: sperm
Female sex cell: egg or ovum
Third living organism: fertilized egg

3. The Man’s Role: Adult male can produce millions of sperm each month
Each sperm contains the male set of 23 chromosomes
Sperm are produced in the man’s two testes or testicles
They are contained in a thin skin sack outside the body called the scrotum

4. The Man’s Role cont.
The external location of the scrotum keeps the testes cooler.
A lower temp. is required for sperm production
Next to each testis is a coiled tube: the epididymis
Sperm mature in the epididymis

5. Man’s Role cont.
Each epididymis is attached to a long tube called the vas deferens
Sperm travel through the vas deferens into the man’s abdominal cavity
The vas deferens leads to ejaculatory ducts
These two ducts are connected to the urethra which extends through the penis

6. The Man’s Role cont.
Sperm leave the epididimis and pass through the vas deferens
Sperm mix with secretions from three glands near the ejaculatory ducts and finally reach the urethra.
The secretions and sperm are called semen

8. The Woman’s Role
The woman’s role is to provide the egg (ovum)and carry the fertilized egg until a baby is born
A woman is born with about 400,000 immature eggs
They are stored in two ovaries
Usually only one egg is released from the ovaries each month starting at puberty ending with menopause

9. The Woman’s Role cont.
Each egg contains the female set of 23 chromosomes
Ovulation: the egg is released from the ovary
Fallopian tubes: each tube is connected to the uterus and lies close to an ovary
Each tube is lined with hair-like cells to help push the egg along

10. The Woman’s Role cont.
It takes 3-4 days to move the egg through the fallopian tube
An egg is fertile for only hours after ovulation
Sperm may survive up to 72 hours in the woman’s body
Sperm must meet egg in the fallopian tube

11. The Woman’s Role cont. Cervix: the lower portion of the uterus
Uterus: hollow muscular organ, holds and nourishes a fertilized egg
Endometrium: inner lining of the uterus, large network of tiny blood vessels

12. The Woman’s Role cont.
Menstruation: each month the endometrium is shed
Implantation: a fertilized egg leaves the fallopian tube, enters the uterus and implants into the endometrium
Cell division continues as pregnancy progresses

15. The Role of Heredity
Hereditary information is contained in chromosomes
Humans have 23 pairs = 46 total
Each chromosome is made up of genes.
Genes carry all characteristic traits that will be transferred to the next human.

16. The Role of Heredity Traits are determined by kind of gene.
DOMINANT GENE: the dominant or stronger feature comes out. When 1 dominant gene is paired with 1 recessive gene the dominant feature is seen.
RECESSIVE GENE: when 2 recessive genes are paired, the recessive trait will appear.

17. The Role of Heredity
Genetic counseling: scientific advice about heredity can be given prior to conception.
If advice occurs after pregnancy, amniocentesis may be done to check for abnormalities.
Carriers: are persons who carry the genes for a disease but do not have the disease.