1. Phylum Platyhelminthes

2. Platyhelminthes: “Flat”worm One body opening
Very simple Nervous & Muscular Systems
May be Parasitic or Free living

3. Planarian: (Class Turbellaria)
Free-living flatworm with
Bilateral Symmetry
Lives in freshwater
Found under leaves & rocks
Feeds on dead or slow moving organisms

4. 6. Reproduction:
a. Sexually: Hermaphrodites = Male & Female Parts
b. Asexually: Fission = can regenerate body parts
7. Nervous & Sensory System
a. Brain-like Ganglion located in anterior region
b. Nerve cord to carry impulses
c. Eyespots: sense light & dark
d. Sensory pits line sides of head to aid in movement

5. e. Cilia line body & aid in movement
f. Flame cells remove excess water & nitrogenous wastes
7. Digestion: Food enters mouth & solid wastes exit mouth
a. Mouth: located in center of ventral side
b. Pharynx: tube-like struture which extends from mouth during feeding-acts like a straw sucking up food & carrying it to the body

6. Figure 27–3 Page The Anatomy of a Flatworm
Freshwater flatworms have simple ganglia and nerve cords that run the length of the body. The excretory system consists of a network of tubules connected to flame cells that remove excess water and cell wastes.
Head
Eyespot
Flatworms use a pharynx to suck food into the gastrovascular cavity. Digested food diffuses from the cavity into other cells of the body. Eyespots in some species detect light.
Mouth
Pharynx
Most flatworms are hermaphrodites, having male reproductive organs (testes) and female reproductive organs (ovaries) in the same organism.
Flame cell

7. Tapeworm (Class Cestoda)
Parasitic Flatworm
Lives in the Intestines of Vertebrates
Can grow up to 10 meters in length!
Reproduction: Hermaphrodites

8. 5. Flattened body is made up of individual segments called: Proglottid
a. Each proglottid is detachable
b. Each proglottid may contain up to ,000 eggs
c. Fall off when full
d. Released with wastes

9. 6. Head Region: Scolex. a. Surrounded by hooks & suckers to aid
6. Head Region: Scolex a. Surrounded by hooks & suckers to aid in attachment to intestine
b. Smallest section of worm
c. Proglottids grow out from scolex

10. a. Eggs hatch in intestines of Intermediate Host (pig)
7. Life cycle:
a. Eggs hatch in intestines of Intermediate Host (pig)
b. Young worms burrow into pig muscle
c. Secondary Host (man) eats undercooked/raw meat contaminated w/ worm larvae cysts
d. Larvae hatch & mature in intestines, must live in intestines since they don’t have them
e. Attach to intestines and soak up digested food of host
f. May enter bloodstream & infect other tissues w/ cysts

11. Flukes(Class Trematoda)
Parasitic Flatworm
Lives in Digestive System or Liver
Feeds on cells, blood, & body fluids
Blood flukes:
Eggs are released in water from wastes of infected host
Hatch into larvae
Larvae enter snail where they develop & reproduce
Enter water again & bore into skin of new host

12. e. From blood, they bore into intestines
e. From blood, they bore into intestines where they attach & feed on blood
5. Liver flukes: a. Lodge in liver ducts of host
b. Block liver ducts which can cause liver damage or failure

13. Quiz #2
Flatworms IN

14. Planarians have ___ symmetry.
a. bilateral b. radial c. assymetrical d. symmetry
2. Flatworms reproduce sexually, they are hermaphrodites, what does this mean? A. produce only sperm C. produce only eggs B. produce egg & sperm D. none
3. A tapeworms body is made of individual segments called __ A. segments B. flame cells C. scolex D. proglottids
The difference between planarians and tapeworms?
a. planarians are parasites, tapeworms are freeliving
b. tapeworms are parasites, planarians are freeliving
c. both are parasites d. all the above
5. The function of ___ is to remove excess water & waste A. pharynx B. flame cells C. fission D. cysts