1. Section 14, Sailing Upwind

2. Boat is on a port tack when main boom is on the starboard (right) side, starboard tack when main boom is on the port (left) side.
Figure 14–1 Port Versus Starboard Tack

3. Sailing Close-hauled Close-Hauled Boat pointed close to wind
- approx 45º
- Sails trimmed well in
– Don’t “pinch”
- Must tack to to change direction when sailing upwind

4. Sailing close-hauled is to trim sails well in, steering as close to wind as possible, usually within 45 degrees of true wind. Will cover 1.4 miles through the water to go 1 mile to windward, half on each tack. With constant wind direction either tack can be first.
Figure 14–3 Beating to Windward

5. Figure 14–4 Effect of Wind Direction Changes
Shifts in wind direction change distance sailed. Shortest distance achieved by sailing toward expected direction of wind shift. (Note that sailing too far off the rhumb line could actually increase the distance sailed; this is more likely to happen for a nearby destination.)
Wind Shift (Tack on Header)
Figure 14–4 Effect of Wind Direction Changes

6. Figure 14–5 Outhaul Adjustment

7. Sailing close-hauled, sheet main and jib well in; jib leech near spreader with main/jib slot increasing from head to foot. If sailing light or pinching, jib luff loses shape along length at same time. If head breaks first, move jib sheet fairlead forward. If foot breaks first, move fairlead aft.
Figure 14–6 Mainsail Trim

8. Remove diagonal wrinkles Cunningham / downhaul adjustment
In light wind
increase sail draft
In heavy wind
flatten sail
Figure 14–7 Cunningham Adjustment

9. Figure 14–8 Points of Sail

10. Figure 14–9 Telltales at Various Positions

11. Coming About Figure 14–10 Coming About or Tacking Commands Ready about
Helm’s alee
Center traveler before tack
Main sheet not adjusted
Change jib sheets
Need enough momentum to complete tack
Can back the jib to help
If in irons – Back a sail
Figure 14–10 Coming About or Tacking

12. Vocabulary
Close-hauled. Sailing as close to the wind, or as directly into the wind, as possible. Also, on- or by-the-wind, beating.
Coming About. Changing course for bow to swing through the eye of the wind and pay off on the other tack.
Cunningham (Rig). An arrangement of gear used to adjust the luff tension in a sail without using a halyard or moving the boom.

13. Jib Trim Want leach almost touching spreader
Slot (gap between jib and main) should increase from head to foot
If sail too high, luff will tremble and inside telltail will start to flutter
Turning blocks
If jib breaks first near foot – move back
If jib beaks near head – move forward
In light wind – move forward
In heavy wind – move aft

14. End of Section 14 Slides