1. BELLRINGER: 11/1 and 11/2
1. Pick up the papers on the desk by the door.
2. Sit in a desk near where your normal assigned seat is. These seats are just for today.
3. Update your ToC:
Page 48: Absolutism in France Notes
Page 49: Versailles Activity Packet
4. Write down your HW:
Study for your vocab quiz on the Age of Absolutism terms next class
Finish your Versailles packet for a HW grade – last grade of Quarter 1!

2. AGENDA: 11/1 and 11/2 1. Bellringer 2. Notes: Absolutism in France
3. Video Clip: Louis XIV
4. Activity: Build Your Own Versailles
5. Kahoot Vocab Review (time-permitting)

3. The Basics: Absolutism in France
Absolute monarch:
Louis XIV (“Sun King”)
Other important people:
Henry VI
Cardinal Richelieu
Jean-Baptiste
Colbert
House of:
Bourbon

4. What is Absolutism?
A political theory stating that all power should be vested in ONE ruler or other authority.
How?
Divine Right = God gives them power to rule
KINGS BECAME STRONGER IN THE 1500s AS THE POWER OF THE CHURCH WEAKENED

5. What is going on in this picture?
What is your initial reaction to this picture?

6. What is going on in this picture?
What kinds of people do you think are involved?
What is your initial reaction to this picture?

7. St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

8. What is the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?
Massacre of Huguenots by Catholics in Paris, France
Orchestrated by Catherine de Medici
Why now?
Henry of Navarre (Huguenot leader) is celebrating his marriage to the French king’s sister, Margaret
Catholic marrying Huguenot
Mass slaughters continue for 3 months
As many as 70,000 Huguenots are killed throughout France
Just the Facts:
Catherine de Medici ordered the murder of Admiral Gaspard de Coligny, a Huguenot leader whom she felt was leading her son into war with Spain
Coligny didn’t die, so 2 days later….
Aug. 24, 1572
Catherine convinced the king that the Huguenots were on the brink of rebellion, and he authorized the murder of their leaders by the Catholic authorities.
Most of these Huguenots were in Paris, celebrating the marriage of their leader, Henry of Navarre, to the king's sister, Margaret.
A list to be killed, headed by Coligny, who was brutally beaten and thrown out of his bedroom window
Once the killing started, mobs of Catholic Parisians began a massacre of Huguenots.
Charles issued a royal order on August 25 to halt the killing, but his pleas went unheeded as the massacres spread.
Mass slaughters continued into October
3,000 French Protestants were killed in Paris, and as many as 70,000 in all of France.
Henry III, future
Henry IV of France
Protestant
King Charles IX
Sister, Margaret
Catholic

9. Who’s who in the French monarchy?
Henry IV:
First Bourbon ruler (1589)
How does he bring religious peace to France?
1. Converted to Catholicism to bring peace to France
2. Issued the Edict of Nantes (in 1598)
Fixed roads, bridges, etc.
Put royals in power and not the nobles
He was murdered in 1610

10. Who’s who in the French monarchy?
Cardinal Richelieu
Henry IV’s son (Louis XIII) was 9 years old when his father was murdered  Louis XIII becomes next king
Louis’ mother ruled until 1617 (when Louis reached old enough age to rule)
Who appointed him?
Louis XIII chose Cardinal
Richelieu to be his chief
minister in 1624

11. Who’s who in the French monarchy?
How does he deal with the nobles?
Defeated their private armies
Destroyed their castles
Tied them to the king by giving them high posts in the court or army
How does he deal with the Huguenots?
Allowed them to practice BUT…
Smashed their cities
Outlawed their armies

12. Who’s who in the French monarchy?
Louis XIV (“Sun King”)
Took the throne at 5 years old
Called “Sun King” b/c he thought
the sun rose and set with him
-- Claimed divine right
How long does he rule?
Reigns from for 72 years
Rules first with the help of his cardinal, Mazarin (helped him rule as a young king), but takes total control of France after Mazarin dies

13. Louis XIV – The Sun King L’etat, c’est moi – “I am the state”
Because the government is controlled by Louis XIV = he IS the state (the state – the gov’t/the country – does only what he says)
Built the French army into the strongest in Europe
Why?
To take over more territory
Compete with other European nations
Kept close ties with the middle class – to prevent an uprising

14. Louis XIV’s Government
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Who was he? Louis XIV’s financial advisor
Great advisor and made France very wealthy, but…couldn’t stop Louis XIV from spending too much $$
Goals to help France’s economy:
Increase French industry
Placed high tariffs on foreign imports
Encouraged colonization

15. What is Versailles? Built by Louis XIV Most famous French palace
Symbol of Royal Power
A few miles outside of Paris

17. Eventually, France declines…
Louis XIV set up a state that was quick to fall apart
Two major weaknesses in post-Louis XIV France:
1. Finances
His wars put a financial strain on the treasury
Louis XIV spent a lot of $$$ on lavish luxuries
2. Religious persecution
Louis XIV takes back the Edict of Nantes
How does this affect France? Means French people were Protestant (remember, Louis XIV is CATHOLIC) no longer have religious freedom to practice their chosen faith – must convert, be killed, or leave France