1. The Civilization on the Nile
Ancient Egypt
The Civilization on the Nile

2. Geography of Ancient Egypt

3. Crossroad: Africa and Asia

4. Flows North 4,145 mi. from mountains of Central Africa to Mediterranean Sea
Significance of Nile
Predictable flooding allowed settlement and the building of a civilization
Silt formed from the flooding and crops were grown for subsistence and commercial uses ~ agriculture is Egypt’s major activity

5. Use of the Nile Living on the delta provided fertile soil
Transportation was convenient through the region by river
Fish and other resources abundant
Irrigation Systems were quickly developed, beginning with the use of the shadoof
Use of the Nile

6. Shadoof

7. In about 2600, the Old Kingdom began and lasted for nearly 500 years
Upper Egypt in southern region of Nile River
Lower Egypt in northern delta region
Narmer, king of Upper Egypt led his army to take control of Lower Egypt and unite the civilizations around 3000 B.C.
In about 2600, the Old Kingdom began and lasted for nearly 500 years

8. Organization of Old Kingdom

9. Characteristics of Old Kingdom

10. Gods of Old Kingdom God of River – Hapi Sun God – Re
Harvest God - Osiris

11. Middle Kingdom Government overthrow of the pharaoh
About 2300 BC to around 1786 BC
Began trade with other regions
Fell when invaded by Hyskos who came in with chariots and weapons made of iron
Middle kingdom’s rule by Hyskos came to end when Egyptian’s rose up and drove them out

12. New Kingdom Kingdom grew rich and extended territory
Pharaohs used military to push kingdom borders
Queen Hatshepset and nephew extended land into Syria and Palestine

13. New Kingdom Characteristics

14. Decline of Egypt Priests gained too much power and wealth
Power of pharaohs declined
Power was taken away from priests
Claimed one god – monotheistic
People of Egypt did not accept new religion
King Tut came to power and went back to old religion
Egyptian Empire continued to decline due to many factors and taken over by Assyrians in 671 BC

15. Contributions of Egyptian Empire