1. Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security
Data for transparent land reform: monitoring land governance in Ukraine 
Denys Nizalov
WB IDF Project in Ukraine, KEI at KSE
Denis Bashlyk
Stategeocadastre, Ukraine
Rome
October, 5, 2017

2. Structure Governance of Land Tenure and Land Reform in Ukraine
Progress with improving transparency:
Monitoring of Land Governance
Monitoring of agricultural land use (pilot results)
Auctions, e-services, error correction, public access to cadastral and registry data

3. Ukraine: Governance of Land Tenure for Agricultural Land
Launch of the land reform:
(Resolution of the Parliament on № 563-XII)
Sales of agricultural land are restricted (Moratorium, 2001)
Limit access to finance
Restricts agricultural productivity growth
Non-sustainable land use
Limits wellbeing of rural population
Limits budget revenue
Shadow economy and corruption
Source: Center for Land Reform Policy in Ukraine

4. Ukraine: Governance of Land Tenure for Agricultural Land
Private
(not restricted)
Landowner profile (KIIS, 2015):
6 mn owners;
32 ha of private agricultural land
49% - retirees;
only 22% - employed in agriculture;
53% - have enough money for food, but it is difficult to buy clothes;
20% of household income is rental payment;
4 ha - average agricultural land plot
State and communal
(restricted)
3,7 mln.ha
10,5 mln.ha
Ag. producers profile (Statistical Yearbook of Ukraine 2015):
Commercial farms:
Number: 45,000 (74% of farms cultivate below 100 ha, or 4.5% of total farmland)
Average size: ha;
Cultivated area:19.9 mn ha (of them 93% rented).
Household (subsistence) farms:
Number: 4.1 mn
Average size: 1.3 ha
Cultivated area: 5.5 mn (of them 5% rented).
28,5 mln.ha
Private: individual and corporate (restricted)

5. Lifting the moratorium
Ukraine: Land reform
Lifting the moratorium
(comply with VGGT Part 2, pa 3.1.3; 4.8;4,10)
Law on land turnover with safeguards
Registration and protection of land rights
(comply with VGGT Part 2, pa 3.1.1; 3.1.2)
Completing registration in Cadaster and Registry
Error correction
Outstanding problems (permanent use, collective land, etc.)
Access to finance
Public awareness
Transparency and accountability (Part 7, pa 26.2)
Monitoring of LG, e-services

6. 3.9 million requests per year (2016)
Improving Transparency: e-services, error correction, public access to cadastral and registry data
3.9 million requests per year (2016)
432 officers connected (2017)
Access to personal data of land owners
(more than requests in the first day)
Access of the notaries to the State Land Cadastre system
10.9 thousand
on-line requests for error correction
Online extracts from the cadastre and land evaluation reference request
On-line applying for Certificate of Engineer and Land Manager
Introducing e-auctions

7. Implementing the Block-chain technologies to the State Land Cadastre
Block-chain data is impossible to:
І stage – Pilot project
Illegally
manipulate
Change
ІІ stage – hashing of SLC data
ІІІ stage – hashing of all operations with data
Delete
Reinsert

8. Implementation: Implementation arrangement
LG Monitoring – collection and publication of regionally disaggregated administrative data on the state of land relations.
Methodology & implementation: “Capacity Development for Evidence-Based Land & Agricultural Policy Making in Ukraine” Project, KEI at KSE
Project Steering Committee ( 6 government authorities; MPs; private sector; international organizations) – coordinate efforts and policy dialogue
Monitoring Working Group (technical experts from 8 central government authorities) – data supply, interpret results
State GeoCadastre – support for hosting and functioning of automated system (developing capacity)

9. Land Governance Monitoring
Cabinet of Ministers Resolution on LG monitoring (23 August, 2017)
StateGeoCadastre
(SE Center for State Land Cadastre)
State Fiscal Service
Ministry of Justice
(State Registry of Rights)
State Court Administration
State Statistics
State Water Agency
Automated Monitoring System

10. Implementation: Key LG Monitoring Indicators
Land Reform monitoring (country specific)
Coverage: The share of communal, private, and state land registered and mapped (all land use types)
The number and prices of registered transactions of different types (sales, mortgages, rental, etc.)
Receipts of land and real estate tax revenue
Cases of expropriation and privatization
The number of land-related conflicts
Equity: Share of land and real estate registered and mapped in women’s, men’s name and in joint ownership
Base Characteristics (total area, population, etc.)

11. Completeness of State Land Cadaster, 2017
Monitoring Results
Completeness of State Land Cadaster, 2017
73% of private land is registered in the Cadaster
Will update for 2017
90% to 100%
70% to 90%
60% to 70%
under 60%
more than 100%
Map: share of private land registered
Data: GeoCadastre

12. Monitoring for Policy Decision Making: Land Governance Index
1. Share of land registered in the Land Cadaster (private and state separately);
2. Transactions per 1,000 landowners (separately rental and other: sales, gifts, exchange, inheritance);
3. Land tax declarations per 1,000 of private land owners;
4. Number of land related disputes in court per 10,000 landowners (separately for administrative and civil)
Map: Index of Land Governance (1 is the top rank)
Information on temporary occupied territory of AR Crimea and the conflict zone of Luhansk and Donetsk regions is not available

13. Monitoring for Policy Decision Making:
Benchmarking (example –Bilotserkivskyi rayon)
Note: 100 percentile is top

14. Remote Sensing and Governance of Land Resources
Sentinel-2A:
Swath Width – 100 km
Revisit time: 10 days
Sentinel-1A:
Nominal Scene Size - 250x250 km2
Revisit time - 12 days
Landsat-8:
Scene Size - 185x180 km2
Revisit time - 16 days

15. Crop classification maps
Bila Tserkva district

16. Cultivation of unregistered land
Land registered and used as agricultural
Agricultural land used for different purposes
Cultivation of non registered land

17. Correspondence to the designated use (for pilot rayon)
Class
Correspond, %
Violation classes
Agricultural Land
92.10
Developed (7.3 %)
Developed land
96.56
Cultivated (1.85%)
Forest
49.23
Cultivated (14.75%), Developed (33.61%)
Hey land (1.99%)
Hey land
21.35
Developed (41.10%), Cultivated (32.58%)
Forest (2.62%), Water (2.28%)
Water
78.74
Developed (15.36%), Hey land (4.68%)

18. Land Reform: Challenges and solutions
Challange
Solution
Political speculation
Information campaign based on monitoring data
Quality of legal and normative changes
Evidence based policy making
Lack of progress
Monitoring of implementation
Corruption
Transparency and accountability based on monitoring
Users of monitoring data:
Members of Parliament
Central government officials
Local governments
Experts
Journalists
Civil society groups
Investors, agricultural producers
Data: KMISS (2015); GFK-Ukraine (2017)

19. Thank you for your attention!
Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security
Thank you for
your attention!
Rome
October, 5, 2017