1. Notes at – http://works.bepress.com/beth_ackerman/
Using Reinforcements
Beth Ackerman, Ed.D.
Notes at –

2. P R A I S E
roactive einforcements ssess the situation ntent of misbehavior incerity mpower the child

3. PROACTIVE WELL-LIKED WELL-RESPECTED FUN POSITIVE
STRUCTURED CONSISTENT LIMIT SETTING

4. REINFORCEMENTS Theories of Reinforcements Tangible vs. Social
Pavlov Skinner

5. Presented after the response Removed after the response
Nature of Stimulus
Pleasant
Aversive
Presented after the response
Positive Reinforcement (response increases)
Punishment 1
(response decreases)
Removed after the response
Punishment II or Extinction
Negative Reinforcement (response increases)

6. Sample Positive Reinforcements
ALWAYS START WITH LEAST RESTRICTIVE
Positive words
Positive calls home
Behavioral contracts
Points/levels system
Token economy

7. Punishment and Negative Reinforcement
ALWAYS START WITH THE LEAST RESTRICTIVE
Verbal reprimands, frowns, reminders, etc.
Imposing in-class separation (time out)
time out versus time away
Removal from classroom (time out or isolation room/area)
Send home

8. Less Obtrusive to More Intrusive
Proximity control
Voice control
Pause. Stop what your doing
Distraction
Eye contact
Rule reminder
Rewards
Token economy
Loss of privileges
Phone calls home
Separation from the group
Time outs

9. Token Economy Child Driven not Teacher Driven
Observable and specific behaviors
Time intervals
Rewards
Should not ever take tokens away from the student

10. Token Economy and Skinner

11. WHY DO CHILDREN MISBEHAVE??
Assess
A B C
Antecedent
Behavior
Consequence

12. ABC Chart Antecedent Behavior Consequence During Circle Time
Again, during circle time
- During circle time
Speaking out of turn
Talking without permission
Asked inappropriate question
Ignore them
Gave a warning
Answer the question

13. Identify a Target Behavior
One specific behavior
Measurable? – What do we know about teaching?
Is it necessary –
Proverbs 22:6 - Train up a child in the way he should go, Even when he is old he will not depart from it.

14. Target Behavior INCORRECT CORRECT Aggression Disrespectful Hyperactive
Rude Behavior
Throws things when angry
Roles his eyes
Touches others personal belongings

15. Teach Appropriate Behavior
Behavior Replacements
After identifying the specific target behavior, how can you replace it with appropriate behavior?

16. Measurable Objectives
A, B, C and D (Audience, Behavior, Criteria and how Demonstrated).
Johnny will make appropriate eye contact in 3 of 5 attempts.
Johnny will go to the quite place instead of throwing books in five of five attempts.

17. Collect Data
Is the intervention effective?

18. P R A I S E
roactive einforcements ssess the situation ntent of misbehavior incerity mpower the child