1. Person-Centred Care

2. Theoretical Background
1961 – Carl Rogers – client-centred counselling
1988 – Holden and Woods – reality orientation
1990 – Stokes and Goudie – resolution therapy
Feil – validation therapy
1994 – Steven Sabat – impact of the social environment
Professor Tom Kitwood – 1980’s and 90’s

3. Kitwood 1997
“We need to see the person with dementia, not the person with dementia”

4. Brooker 2004
Brooker describes person-centred dementia care as having 4 essential elements.
Valuing people with dementia and those who care for them; promoting their citizenship rights and entitlements regardless of age or cognitive impairment.

5. Brooker 2004 cont’d
Treating people as individuals; appreciating that all people with dementia have a unique history and personality, physical and mental health, and social and economic resources, and that these will affect their response to neurological impairment

6. Brooker 2004 cont’d
Looking at the world from the perspective of the person with dementia; recognising that each person’s experience has its own psychological validity.

7. Brooker 2004 cont’d
Recognising that all human life is grounded in relationships. People with dementia need an enriched social environment to compensate for their impairment and allows for their growth.

8. VIPS – elements of person-centred care
Brooker continues with her work to say person-centred care encompasses 4 major elements. These have all been acknowledged by some degree by other writers.

9. VIPS
V A value base that asserts the absolute value of all human lives regardless of age or cognitive ability.
I An individualised approach, recognising uniqueness.
P Understanding the world from the perspective of the service user.
S Providing a social environment that supports psychological needs.