1. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Encouraging the Active Integration of Information During Learning with Multiple and Interactive Representations Daniel Bodemer & Rolf Plötzner Knowledge Media Research Center Tübingen, Germany

2. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Potentials, requirements and problems of learning with multiple and interactive representations Facilitating learning by reducing extraneous and encouraging germane cognitive load with multiple representations with dynamic and interactive representations An experimental study Overview

3. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Learning with Multiple and Interactive Representations Potentials Requirements Problems

4. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Potentials, requirements and problems of learning with multiple and interactive representations Facilitating learning by reducing extraneous and encouraging germane cognitive load with multiple representations with dynamic and interactive representations An experimental study Overview

5. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Cognitive Load Theory Three sources of cognitive load 1.Intrinsic cognitive load 2.Extraneous cognitive load 3.Germane cognitive load Decrease of extraneous load Increase of germane load

6. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center

7. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center

8. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center

9. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Structured Testing of Hypotheses 1.Consider a certain initial situation 2.Consider a certain modification of the initial situation 3.Formulate a hypothesis about the effects of the modification 4.Carry out the modification 5.Observe the consequences of the modification 6.Evaluate and – possibly – reformulate the hypothesis

10. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Potentials, requirements and problems of learning with multiple and interactive representations Facilitating learning by reducing extraneous and encouraging germane cognitive load with multiple representations with dynamic and interactive representations An experimental study Overview

11. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Research Questions Can learning with multiple representations be improved when learners actively relate different representations to each other (increase of germane load) and produce step by step an integration of these representations (decrease of extraneous load)? Can learning with interactive representations be improved when learners test hypotheses in a structured and reflective way (increase of germane load) and are provided with informative examples of data and their attention is guided to specific aspects of the representations (decrease of extraneous load)?

12. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Design Structuring of interactions Integration of information Free exploration Structured testing of hypotheses Separated information Integrated information Actively integrated information 14 students

13. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Procedure 1.Reactivation of pre-knowledge 2.Pre-test 3.Introduction to the visualizations 4.Relating different representations 5.Interacting with the visualizations 6.Post-test

14. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Results (all questions)

15. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Discussion Mental coordination and integration of multiple and interactive representations has to be facilitated Comprehension can be improved by reducing extraneous cognitive load and by increasing germane cognitive load by encouraging learners to integrate different representations interactively by encouraging learners to test hypotheses in a structured, and reflective way Difficulty of support measures: additional extraneous load

16. Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Thank you very much for your attention! www.iwm-kmrc.de