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Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Biology 12 REVIEW
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Nucleic Acids Which of the following describes a DNA molecule?
Double Helix of glucose sugars and phosphates Ladder-like structure composed of fats and sugars Double chain of nucleotides joined by hydrogen bonds. A chain of alternating phosphates and nitrogenous bases.
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Nucleic Acids Which of the following describes a DNA molecule?
Double Helix of glucose sugars and phosphates Ladder-like structure composed of fats and sugars Double chain of phosphates, sugars and nucleotides joined by hydrogen bonds. A chain of alternating phosphates and nitrogenous bases.
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Nucleic Acids If 20% of a base molecule is guanine, how many thymine molecules are present in a DNA molecule with 1,000 bases? 200 300 400 600
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Nucleic Acids If 20% of a base molecule is guanine, how many thymine molecules are present in a DNA molecule with 1,000 bases? 200 300 400 600
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Nucleic Acids Which of the following base pairs would form between mRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis? adenine -----uracil uracil guanine thymine adenine cytosine thymine
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Nucleic Acids Which of the following base pairs would form between mRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis? adenine -----uracil uracil guanine thymine adenine cytosine thymine
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Nucleic Acids Which is an example of complimentary base pairing in DNA? thymine and uracil guanine and cytosine adenine and uracil cytosine and thymine
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Nucleic Acids Which is an example of complimentary base pairing in DNA? thymine and uracil guanine and cytosine adenine and uracil cytosine and thymine
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Which of the following is a valid contrast between RNA and DNA?
Nucleic Acids Which of the following is a valid contrast between RNA and DNA? RNA DNA A. helical not helical B. sugar is ribose sugar is deoxyribose C. found only in nucleus found in cytoplasm D. thymine is on its bases uracil is one of its bases
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Which of the following is a valid contrast between RNA and DNA?
Nucleic Acids Which of the following is a valid contrast between RNA and DNA? RNA DNA A. helical not helical B. sugar is ribose sugar is deoxyribose C. found only in nucleus found in cytoplasm D. thymine is on its bases uracil is one of its bases
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Nucleic Acids The nitrogenous base found in DNA but not in RNA is
Uracil Adenine Guanine Thymine
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Nucleic Acids The nitrogenous base found in DNA but not in RNA is
Uracil Adenine Guanine Thymine
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Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA?
Nucleic Acids Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA? Controls activities in the cytoplasm Mutate to provide genetic variability Oxidize sugar molecules for ATP production Self-replicate copies for new cell generations
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Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA?
Nucleic Acids Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA? Controls activities in the cytoplasm Mutate to provide genetic variability Oxidize sugar molecules for ATP production Self-replicate copies for new cell generations
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Nucleic Acids Which of the following molecules is a building block or monomer of RNA? B. C. D.
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Nucleic Acids Which of the following molecules is a building block or monomer of RNA? B. C. D.
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Nucleic Acids Use the following information to answer this question.
uracil adenine thymine phosphate deoxyribose RNA contains how many of the above molecules? 1 B C D. 4
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Nucleic Acids Use the following information to answer this question.
uracil adenine thymine phosphate deoxyribose RNA contains how many of the above molecules? 1 B C D. 4
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Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA?
Nucleic Acids Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA? Controls activities in the cytoplasm Mutate to provide genetic variability Oxidize sugar molecules for ATP production Self-replicate copies for new cell generations
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Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA?
Nucleic Acids Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA? Controls activities in the cytoplasm Mutate to provide genetic variability Oxidize sugar molecules for ATP production Self-replicate copies for new cell generations
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The molecule represented below is
Nucleic Acids The molecule represented below is DNA mRNA tRNA rRNA
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The molecule represented below is
Nucleic Acids The molecule represented below is DNA mRNA tRNA rRNA
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Nucleic Acids In nucleic acids the weak hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs involves? Nuclease bonds Weak hydrogen bonds Polymerase bonds Carbon sugar bonds
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Nucleic Acids In nucleic acids the weak hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs involves? Nuclease bonds Weak hydrogen bonds Polymerase bonds Carbon sugar bonds
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Nucleic Acids X Which of the following correctly identifies the parts labelled W,X,Y and Z. ? W Y Z W X Y Z A Adenine Uracil Deoxyribose Phosphate B Thymine Ribose C Cytosine Guanine D
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Nucleic Acids X Which of the following correctly identifies the parts labelled W,X,Y and Z. ? W Y Z W X Y Z A Adenine Uracil Deoxyribose Phosphate B Thymine Ribose C Cytosine Guanine D
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Nucleic Acids In a solution of nucleotides made from a ground up segment of DNA, adenine makes up 33%of the solution. What percentage of the solution would guanine make up? 17% 33% 34% 67%
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Nucleic Acids In a solution of nucleotides made from a ground up segment of DNA, adenine makes up 33%of the solution. What percentage of the solution would guanine make up? 17% 33% 34% 67%
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Protein Synthesis Using the segment of mRNA below answer the following question. AGUCUUGGGCUUUGCCCC If adenine was deleted how many amino acids would be coded for in the polypeptide chain? 3 4 5 6 7
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Protein Synthesis Using the segment of mRNA below answer the following question. AGUCUUGGGCUUUGCCCC If adenine was deleted how many amino acids would be coded for in the polypeptide chain? 3 4 5 6 7
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Amylase is synthesized at the?
Protein Synthesis Amylase is synthesized at the? RER SER Nucleolus Mitochondrion Ribosome
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Amylase is synthesized at the?
Protein Synthesis Amylase is synthesized at the? RER SER Nucleolus Mitochondrion Ribosome
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Nucleic Acids In the diagram below to answer the following question.
Which statement below is correct? 1 is tRNA, 2 is the mRNA and 3 is rRNA 2 is tRNA, 4 is the rRNA and 5 is mRNA 1 is mRNA, 2 is the tRNA and 3 is rRNA 1 is mRNA, 2 is the rRNA and 3 is tRNA
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Nucleic Acids In the diagram below to answer the following question.
Which statement below is correct? 1 is tRNA, 2 is the mRNA and 3 is rRNA 2 is tRNA, 4 is the rRNA and 5 is mRNA 1 is mRNA, 2 is the tRNA and 3 is rRNA 1 is mRNA, 2 is the rRNA and 5 is tRNA
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Nucleic Acids Serine Valine Proline Glycine Tyrosine
In the diagram below to answer the following question. What is the amino acid attached to the tRNA molecule (3) ? Serine Valine Proline Glycine Tyrosine
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Nucleic Acids Serine Valine Proline Glycine Tyrosine
In the diagram below to answer the following question. What is the amino acid attached to the tRNA molecule (3) ? Serine Valine Proline Glycine Tyrosine
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Protein Synthesis The base sequence on a mRNA molecule made from DNA sequence AGTTATGCG would be? TCAATACGC UCUATACGG UCAAUACGC UCAUUAUCG
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Protein Synthesis The base sequence on a mRNA molecule made from DNA sequence AGTTATGCG would be? TCAATACGCG UCUATACGGC UCAAUACGC UCAUUAUCGC
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Protein Synthesis Use the steps below and identify the correct sequence of events in protein sythesis? 1. mRNA moves into the cytoplasm 2. tRNA moves amino acids to the ribosome 3. peptide bonds form between amino acids 4. DNA is transcribed 5. ribosomes attach to the mRNA 2,3,1,5,4 4,1,3,2,5 4,1,5,2,3 5,1,2,3,4
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Protein Synthesis Use the steps below and identify the correct sequence of events in protein sythesis? 1. mRNA moves into the cytoplasm 2. tRNA moves amino acids to the ribosome 3. peptide bonds form between amino acids 4. DNA is transcribed 5. ribosomes attach to the mRNA 2,3,1,5,4 4,1,3,2,5 4,1,5,2,3 5,1,2,3,4
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Protein Synthesis The role of mRNA is? Form ribosome
Carry amino acids to ribosome Form the tertiary structure of proteins Copy genetic code from sequence of DNA
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Protein Synthesis The role of mRNA is? Form ribosome
Carry amino acids to ribosome Form the tertiary structure of proteins Copy genetic code from sequence of DNA
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Which of the following statements is correct?
Protein Synthesis Which of the following statements is correct? mRNA is produced in the nucleus by a process called translation mRNA is produced at the ribosome by a process called translation mRNA is produced in the ribosome by a process called transcription mRNA is produced in the nucleus by a process called transcription
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Which of the following statements is correct?
Protein Synthesis Which of the following statements is correct? mRNA is produced in the nucleus by a process called translation mRNA is produced at the ribosome by a process called translation mRNA is produced in the ribosome by a process called transcription mRNA is produced in the nucleus by a process called transcription
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The anti codon on tRNA is;
Protein Synthesis The anti codon on tRNA is; Identical to the codon on mRNA Complementary to the codon on mRNA Identical to the triplet codon on rRNA Complementary to the sequence on DNA
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The anti codon on tRNA is;
Protein Synthesis The anti codon on tRNA is; Identical to the codon on mRNA Complementary to the codon on mRNA Identical to the triplet codon on rRNA Complementary to the sequence on DNA
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What type of bond is between two amino acids?
Protein Synthesis What type of bond is between two amino acids? Disulphide Ionic Hydrogen Peptide
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What type of bond is between two amino acids?
Protein Synthesis What type of bond is between two amino acids? Disulphide Ionic Hydrogen Peptide
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Which of the following base pairs would occur between mRNA and tRNA?
Protein Synthesis Which of the following base pairs would occur between mRNA and tRNA? Adenine Uracil Thymine Adenine Cytosine Adenine Guanine and Uracil
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Which of the following base pairs would occur between mRNA and tRNA?
Protein Synthesis Which of the following base pairs would occur between mRNA and tRNA? Adenine Uracil Thymine Adenine Cytosine Adenine Guanine and Uracil
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Which amino acid begins all polypeptide chains?
Protein Synthesis Which amino acid begins all polypeptide chains? Valine Tyrosine Methionine Tryptophan
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Which amino acid begins all polypeptide chains?
Protein Synthesis Which amino acid begins all polypeptide chains? Valine Tyrosine Methionine Tryptophan
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Disorganized cell growth due to a mutation in the DNA is called
Cancer Disorganized cell growth due to a mutation in the DNA is called Neoplasia Angiogenesis Anaplasia Dysplasis
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Disorganized cell growth due to a mutation in the DNA is called
Cancer Disorganized cell growth due to a mutation in the DNA is called Neoplasia Angiogenesis Anaplasia Dysplasis
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A carcinogen is a substance that
Cancer A carcinogen is a substance that Causes cells to become malignant Stimulates proto-oncogenes and promotes cancer Transforms proto-oncogenes into oncogenes Prevents mutations in cells
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A carcinogen is a substance that
Cancer A carcinogen is a substance that Causes cells to become malignant Stimulates proto-oncogenes and promotes cancer Transforms proto-oncogenes into oncogenes Prevents mutations in cells
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Which of the following would not necessarily mean you have cancer?
Persistent cough and pain in chest Sore that does not heal Discharge of blood in stools Headache
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Which of the following would not necessarily mean you have cancer?
Persistant cough and pain in chest Sore that does not heal Discharge of blood in stools Headache
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Cancer Which term refers to cells that have broken away and migrated to other organs in the body/ Neoplasia Anaplasia Metastasis Angiogenesis
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Cancer Which term refers to cells that have broken away and migrated to other organs in the body/ Neoplasia Anaplasia Metastasis Angiogenesis
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What are the correct steps in carcinogenesis?
Cancer What are the correct steps in carcinogenesis? oncogene proto-oncogene neoplasia anaplasia angiogenesis proto-oncogene oncogene anaplasia neoplasia angiogenesis proto-oncogene oncogene neoplasia anaplasia angiogenesis oncogene proto-oncogene angiogenesisneoplasia anaplasia
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What are the correct steps in carcinogenesis?
Cancer What are the correct steps in carcinogenesis? oncogene proto-oncogene neoplasia anaplasia angiogenesis proto-oncogene oncogene anaplasia neoplasia angiogenesis proto-oncogene oncogene neoplasia anaplasia angiogenesis oncogene proto-oncogene angiogenesisneoplasia anaplasia
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Which cancer is correctly matched with the proper type?
Breast cancer / sarcoma Liver cancer / carcinoma Bone cancer / lymphoma Pancreatic cancer / adenocarcinoma
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Which cancer is correctly matched with the proper type?
Breast cancer / sarcoma Liver cancer / carcinoma Bone cancer / lymphoma Pancreatic cancer / adenocarcinoma
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What term is used to describe the copying of DNA during cell division?
Short Answers What term is used to describe the copying of DNA during cell division?
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Short Answers REPLICATION
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Define semi-conservativeness.
Short Answers Define semi-conservativeness.
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Short Answers Semi-conservativeness is when DNA replicates the new cells will contain one strand from the old DNA molecule and one new one will be formed.
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What are two enzymes used during the process of REPLICATION?
Short Answers What are two enzymes used during the process of REPLICATION?
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Short Answers DNA helicase unravels the DNA while polymerase is used to reassemble the new DNA molecule.
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Short Answers What are the two steps in protein synthesis and where in the cell do these processes take place?
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Short Answers TRANSCRIPTION which is the copying of DNA and the formation of mRNA takes place in the nucleus. TRANSLATION is when tRNA, mRNA come together at the ribosomes (rRNA) Polypeptides are synthesized at the ribosomes or polyribosomes.
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Short Answers What do you call a change in the DNA sequence either by deleting or adding a nitrogen base?
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Short Answers MUTATION
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Short Answers What type of mutation will cause a polypeptide chain to be incomplete and non-functioning?
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Short Answers NONSENSE MUTATION because a stop codon or nonsense codon has been replaced by the normal mRNA codon.
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What type of mutation is sickle cell anemia?
Short Answers What type of mutation is sickle cell anemia?
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Short Answers It is a MISSENSE mutation because a different amino acid has been replaced.
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What are the three steps in protein synthesis?
Short Answers What are the three steps in protein synthesis?
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Initiation Elongation Termination
Short Answers Initiation Elongation Termination
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Short Answers How many different amino acids are there? Name 5 different amino acids.
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Short Answers There are 20 different amino acids. Valine Proline
Leucine Isoleucine Methionine Glycine Tyrosine
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Name 5 different proteins be specific with protein and give functions.
Short Answers Name 5 different proteins be specific with protein and give functions.
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Short Answers Hemoglobin – transports oxygen
Immunoglobulins – fight infection Amylase --- digests starch Adrenalin – speeds up heart rate Neurotransmitters – dopamine in brain Actin and myosin – muscle contraction Keratin – nails, skin and hair Melanin – skin pigment ,eye and hair colour
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Identify 4 differences between normal cells and cancerous cells.
Short Answers Identify 4 differences between normal cells and cancerous cells.
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Short Answers normal cells cancerous cells
normal nucleus large irregular nucleus differentiated non-differentiated exhibit contact inhibition lack contact inhibition normal growth period rapid growth
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Name 4 warning signs of cancer and the cancer you should be aware of
Short Answers Name 4 warning signs of cancer and the cancer you should be aware of
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Short Answers 1. Blood in stools / colon cancer
2. Change in mole / skin cancer 3. Lump in breast / breast cancer 4. Dizziness, blurred vision headaches / brain 5. Persistent cough chest pain / lung cancer 6. Difficutly urinating in males / prostate
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Name 5 different known causes of cancer.
Short Answers Name 5 different known causes of cancer.
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Short Answers UV radiation Gamma rays X-rays Asbestos Benzine Nitrates
Alcohol Poor diet Cigarette smoke
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