1. The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809
Thomas Jefferson, 3rd President
Jefferson’s Ideas:
Best government is one that governs the least
Opposed special privileges for wealthy
Had sympathy for common farmer
Reduced size of army
Ended naval expansion
Worked to lower the cost of government
John Adams, the 2nd President continued much of Washington’s policies.

2. The Louisiana Purchase 1803
Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the region
Bought in 1803 by Thomas Jefferson
Doubled the size of the United States
Gave the United States control of the Mississippi River
Think Pair Share
Why would control of the Mississippi River be important?

3. Marbury v. Madison 1803
James Madison, new Secretary of State under Jefferson, refused to deliver the appointment
Marbury argued that the Judiciary Act of 1789 gave the Supreme Court the power to make Madison deliver the appointment
President Adams appointed William Marbury as Justice of the Peace
This established the idea of Judicial Review, the right of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional. This made the Supreme Court the final authority on interpreting the Constitution.
Chief Justice John Marshall and the rest of the court ruled that part of the Judiciary Act was unconstitutional

4. The Embargo Act of 1807 Embargo Act
Prohibited American ships from trading with European nations
Britain and France were at war
The British navy would search American ships looking for British deserters
Jefferson passed the Embargo Act to try and stop this practice and not go to war
Non-Intercourse Act 1809
Applied the Embargo Act to only Britain and France
Sometimes the British navy would take American sailors and make them serve on the British ships (impressment)
Think Pair Share
Who does this act hurt more, the British navy or American merchants. Explain your answer.