1. Teen booted from soccer club for speaking against their fish farming sponsor.

2. More facts…
When open net salmon in fish farms are placed in rivers where wild salmon swim, the diseases and bacteria from the farms are transferred to the wild salmon.
Later the teens entire team was suspended from playing.

3. Questions
Is it fair to Freyjah’s team that they can not longer play because of Freyjah’s actions?
How do you feel about using “children as billboards”
Do you think it’s right that Freyjah was removed from her team?

4. Let’s go over you test Political Spectrum... Was AWESOME. Well done.
Staged of an election….could have seen a little more study time.

5. Binder Check You will have a 5 mark binder check next class.
What do you need?
1. A BINDER FOR SOCIALS
2. your binder must be ORGANIZED
3. I REALLY suggest you get some DIVIDERS to help with your ORGANIZATION!

6. Canada’s Legal System Introduction: (page 270)
Laws influence just about everything we do
Laws spell out rights, privileges, and powers we enjoy as citizens and balance them with the duties expected of us.
Laws reflect the values we hold in common.
Laws recognize and protect basic freedoms
We have the right to oppose laws and change the laws by legal means
Laws have to be made, enforced, and applied (legislatures/police/courts)

7. The Rule of Law
‘no one is above the law and everyone is subject to it”
The rule of law means we are governed by a fixed set of laws that apply to all people equally.
A great symbol of the rule of law is the Magna Carta signed by King John in 1215 (it guaranteed rights like trial by jury and habeas corpus (the right to be brought before court soon after arrest).

8. The Rule of Law
The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of the land. It defines and limits the legal powers of the lawmakers.
The Charter of Rights and Freedoms takes precedence over any laws passed by any government in Canada (rights guaranteed are: democratic, mobility, legal, equality, and language).
The Charter recognizes that rights have limits and are subject “to such reasonable limits as can be justified in a free and democratic society”

9. Reasonable Limits Clause
Freedom of speech – YES we have this…but only within REASONABLE LIMITS.
Eg. If you go outside yelling hateful words you can get in trouble.

10. The Main Categories of Law
There are two main types of law: Civil and criminal.
Civil law deals with relationships between individuals and groups
Criminal law deals with matters that affect society as a whole. Criminal acts are considered to be committed against the state, not just individual victims.

11. Civil Law:
 usually involves disputes over contracts, property, or personal relationships
Property can be physical (possessions, intellectual ideas), or creative (artwork).
The person who claims to have suffered harm, loss, or injury to self or property is called the plaintiff.
The person who is the alleged wrongdoer is called the defendant.
(See the case page of Sarah McLachlan)

12. Sara McLachlan
What was her court case about?
Who won the court case?

13. Criminal Law:
most criminal laws are found in the Criminal Code of Canada
breaking a criminal law is considered to be a wrong against Canadian society
Criminal cases are carried out in the name of the Crown (identified as R or Regina, the Latin word for Queen)
Only the federal government can make criminal laws, although the provincial government helps to administer them.

14. The three basic elements of criminal law are:
Presumption of innocence (until proven guilty)
The criminal act; the act committed must be considered a crime under Canadian law.
Mens Rea; the prosecution must show that the intended to commit the crime, mens rea or the “guilty mind”
See Case 2 page 274 Regina vs Julia Campagna

15. Why was the defendant found not guilt of manslaughter?
Do you agree with this decision? Why or why not?

16. Mens Rea and Actus Reus
Worksheet

17. 3 sources of Canadian Law
1. Common Law
Use in all provinces and territories except Quebec
It’s based on earlier decisions that have set a precedent.
New situation can create new precedents

18. 3 sources of Canadian Law
2. The civil code system (Code Napoleon)
Civil code is set and clearly defined (unlike common law)
Used only in Quebec to address provincial matters
Used only for individual cases (criminal cases are tried under the common law system)

19. 3 sources of Canadian Law
3. Statute Law
The term used for all legislation that has been passed by federal, provincial or the municipal government.

20. Review Questions
How do criminal law and civil law differ?

21. Review Questions
How does common law work?
(hint*-precedent!)

22. The Canadian Justice System
Look at the chart on page 275 – Draw this chart into your book!

23. Provincial Courts
Four divisions: Family, Youth, Small Claims and Criminal
Provincial Supreme Court: Hears the most serious cases after preliminary Provincial court hearing
Provincial appeal court – asked to review and reverse prior decisions
A hearing – to go in front of a court
Appeal – to ask for your trial to be looked at again

24. Supreme Court of Canada
This court does not take on NEW trials
It only reviews cases that have already appeared in lower courts
Lower courts must follow the precedents set by the supreme court

25. THE CHARTER OF RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
 Our legal rights are guaranteed in Sections 7 through 14 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Charter Case: When the criminal code conflicts with individual rights and freedoms
**See Figurer 11-7 on page 276 – Which right do you think is most important to you?

26. Homework
Complete exercise #18 using the info handout given in class.