1. Transphobic Hate Crime All Wales Hate Crime Research Project
Mair Rigby, Project Officer

2. Definition
Transphobic Hate Incident Any incident, which may or may not constitute a criminal offence, which is perceived to be transphobic by the victim or any other person Hate Crime: Delivering a Quality Service, Good Practice and Tactical Guidance, ACPO (2005).

3. Transphobic Hate Crime
1 of 5 monitored categories of hate crime
Legislation will be equalised this year - transphobic and disability hate crime should be treated in the same way as the other categories
Minimum sentencing tariff for transphobic murders will be 30 years

4. Recorded Figures 2010

5. Research
60% of transgender respondents reported having been a victim of violence or harassment
Lombardini et al., Gender Violence: Transgender Experiences with violence and discrimination (2001)
79% of all respondents had experienced some form of harassment in public
Turnder et al., Transphobic Hate Crime in the European Union, Press for Change, 2009

6. Forms
Unsolicited comments
Verbal abuse /threats
Physical abuse
Sexual abuse
Murder

7. Impact Changing habits, lifestyle, appearance Isolation
Stress, depression, anxiety
Moving out of the area
Worsening of existing physical and psychological conditions
Retaliation
Suicide

8. Context
Early stages of transition may be especially difficult for people
Rejection and discrimination from family
Isolation/lack of support networks
Loss of employment
Loss of home
Unsympathetic and sensationalist media

9. Why don’t people report?
So many incidents – it’s too much trouble to report them all
It becomes “white noise”
Managing a stressful situation - need to pick battles
Fear of being “outed” as trans
Fear of making it worse/losing control
Fear of counter-allegations

10. Bad Practice when people report ....
Mis-gendering
Confusion with homophobic hate crime
Failure in the criminal justice system to recognise vulnerability of trans women
Trans women treated as “men by proxy’ in CJS
Trans women perceived as cause of the incident
Secondary victimization

11. Good Practice Robust hate crime and harassment policies
Staff training re: gender identity
Allocations process sensitive to needs of trans people
Tenants provided with information and support from the start
Work with local organisations e.g. Unique, LGBT Excellence Centre